PHARMACOLOGY

Spectrum activity of an anti - infective indicates the:

A client presents with symptoms of a mild head cold and sore throat, following examination a provider decided against prescribing any antibiotics for this client. What might be the reason why the health care provider is not prescribing this agent?

Gastrointestinal toxicity is a very common adverse effect seen with anti infective therapy. A patient experiencing GI toxicity might complain of

A bacteriostatic substance is one that

5. Which of the following would be appropriate for treatment with a narrow spectrum antimicrobial drug?

6. Random use of broad spectrum antibiotic is contraindicated. They:

7. The following generic and brand names are the example of aminoglycoside agents, except:

8. Which of the following is the mechanism of bacteriocidal action of kanamycin (kantrex), an aminoglycoside antibiotic?

9. Ototoxicity, vestibulo - toxic impairment, and nephrotoxicity are seen as major adverse effects of:

10. Which drugs / agents belong to fifth generation cephalosporins?

11. A 45 year old woman is likely to be prescribed cephalexin (keflex) for the treatment of moderate bronchitis. Upon evaluation, she states that she once took penicillin for strep throat and had a reaction to it. Which of the following types of reaction would suggest?

12. The FDA recently expanded the caution about taking fluoroquinolones antibiotics, you can recognize these medications by their floxacin stem. If the FDA put out another warning about a generic medication you know the name must be

13. The following are the side effects of fluoroquinolone antibiotics, except:

14. The client prescribed ciprofloxacin (cipro) to treat infections caused by a wide spectrum gram negative bacteria. The following are the take home instructions of this drug be taught to the client except:

15. azithromycin (zithromax), clarithromycin (biaxin) and erythromycin (e - mycin) belong to what class of antibiotics?

16. The following are drug - drug interaction seen with macrolides, except:

17. During patient education regarding own oral macrolide such as erythromycin the nurse will include which information:

18. Which of the following group of antibiotics show bacteriostatic action?

19. For which serious adverse effect should the nurse closely monitor a patient who is taking lincosamides?

20. Which of the following antimicrobials is true based on their drug classification?

21. Long term management of clindamycin (cleocin) can cause which of the following conditions?

22. The penicillins act by:

23. Which of the following agents acts by inhibiting cell wall formation in bacteria?

24. Penicillinase resistant penicillins include:

25. The most important side effect of the penicillins is which of the following choices?

26. All of the following are true regarding penicillins except

27. If penicillins and penicillin resistant antibiotics are taken concurrently with this drug, it decreases the effectiveness of the penicillin results. You are pertaining to what drugs?

28. The following is true regarding the action of sulfonamides except:

29. Which of the following is an example of a sulfonamide antibiotic medication?

30. A nurse teaches a patient about sulfonamides. Which statement by the patient indicated a need for further teaching?

31. The following are the adverse effects associated with sulfa drugs, except

32. When administering tetracycline (achromycin, panmycin, sumycin) to a client with PUD, the nurse should do the following nursing considerations except:

33. A teenage patient is taking a tetracycline drug as part of treatment for severe acne. When the nurse teaches this patient about drug-related precautions, which is the most important information to convey?

34. The nurse is reviewing the orders for a patient who has been admitted for treatment of pneumonia. The antibiotic orders include an order for doxycycline. However, when the patient is asked about his allergies, he lists "doxycycline" as one of his allergies. What is the nurse's priority action at this time?

35. Tetracycline use during pregnancy has been associated with which of the following conditions

36. High level of resistance of tubercle bacilli to isoniazid involves a decrease in the activity of which of the following enzymes

37. The mechanism of action of rifampin includes an inhibition of which of the following enzymes?

38. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism of resistance of M.tuberculosis to rifampin?

39. You note your patient's sweat and urine is orange. You reassure the patient and educate him that which medication below is causing this finding?

40. A 40 year old woman complained of blurred vision and inability to distinguish green objects from red objects. The woman, recently diagnosed with cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis, has been receiving a 3 drug combination regimen for two months. Which of the following drugs has most likely caused these adverse effects?

41. A patient with active tuberculosis is taking ethambutol. As the nurse you make it a priority to assess the patient's?

42. A 56 year old man complained of tingling sensation in his limbs and that his arms sometimes feel heavy. He was recently diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and has been receiving isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for two months. Which of the following drugs would be most appropriate to treat his symptoms?

43. When providing health promotion teaching at a senior citizen center, the nurse would include information about which medication used to decrease the duration of influenza A and B?

44. The nurse is obtaining a medication history from a client diagnosed with genital herpes. Which drug would the nurse expect this client to be prescribed?

45. A client with influenza is prescribed with an antiviral drug. The nurse determines that the client indicates an understanding of the treatment if he or she state the following?

46. All of which are examples of antiviral influenza medications except?

47. When the client is started on antiretroviral drugs for HIV, it will be important for the nurse to teach the client which of the following?

48. A pregnant patient is HIV - positive. Which antiretroviral agent will the nurse expect the patient's provider to order?

49. When providing client and family education on the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor drug for HIV - AIDS, the nurse would include instructions:

50. What is the primary assessment the nurse should make for a client who is taking ganciclovir sodium (cytovene)?

51. While monitoring a patient who is receiving intravenous amphotericin B, the nurse expects to see which adverse effects.

52. Amphotericin B is associated with potentially serious nephrotoxicity and should not be given given concurrently with which of the following drugs?

53. The nurse is administering amphotericin B (albelcet). This medication:

54. When teaching a patient who is taking nystatin lozenges for oral candidiasis, which instruction by the nurse is correct?

55. What is the most common drug used to treat oral candidiasis?

56. Vaginal yeast infections often respond very well to which of the following antifungal drugs?

57. A client with histoplasmosis has an order for ketoconazole (Nizoral). The nurse teaches the client to do which of the following while taking this medication?

58. When administering fluconazole (Diflucan) to a client, the nurse should:

59. Pharmacologic antimalarial selection is based on the drug sensitivity of the species within the desired travel area. If a patient is diagnosed with chloroquine - resistant P. falciparum, which therapeutic drug would be most appropriate?

60. A client has returned from the North Philippines but has contracted malaria. The drug the nurse expects to see used is

61. Before taking chloroquine (aralen), the client should be instructed that

62. An adverse reaction to metronidazole (flagyl) would be assessed by the nurse if:

63. A female client is treated for trichomoniasis with metronidazole (flagyl). The nurse instructs the client that

64. A nurse caring for a pediatric patient on anthelmintic therapy should be alarmed of the following adverse drug reactions, except:

65. Which of the following physical assessment findings will alert the nurse for anthelmintic drug toxicity in elderly client?

66. Mebendazole is the most commonly used anthelmintic. It is effective against which of the following choices

67. Client teaching regarding the use of anthelmintics should include counseling about

68. The client with acute myelocytic leukemia is being treated with busulfan (myleran), an alkylating agents. The nurse specifically monitors which laboratory value while the client is taking this medication?

69. The nurse is providing teachings to a client receiving cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan). The nurse tells the client to which of the following?

70. A client is receiving Methotrexate (Rheumatrex) for a series of chemotherapy. Which of the following medication should be readily available to avoid toxicity?

71. Mitomycin (Mutamycin) is prescribed to a client with colorectal cancer. All of which are the routes of administration, except?

72. The client with testicular cancer is being treated with Etoposide (etopophos), a mitotic inhibitor. Which of the following side effects is specifically associated with this medication?

73. A male client with breast cancer is receiving tamoxifen (nolvadex), a hormone and hormone modulators. The nurse specifically monitors which laboratory value?

74. A client with glaucoma is receiving betaxolol hydrochloride (betoptic) eye drops. Which of the following interventions will the nurse likely do before the administration?

75. A client went to a health care facility to ask instructions regarding on how to administer ophthalmic medications. The nurse correctly instructs the client to?

76. The client is receiving an eye ointment and an eye drop. The nurse instructs the client to?

77. A nurse is providing instructions to a client with an impacted cerumen who is prescribed with Carbamide peroxide (Debrox). Which of the following teachings made by the nurse indicates a further research?

78. The nurse prepares an adult client for an ear irrigation as ordered by the physician. Which of the following procedure correctly performed by the nurse and why?

79. A client went to a health care facility with a complaint of difficulty opening the eyelid because of pain. The physician diagnosed the client with keratitis and is prescribed with an eye lubricant. Which medicine should the nurse expect to administer?

80. Which of the following NSAIDs is used to prevent thrombosis

81. To minimize the risk of dyspnea and GI bleeding, OTC ibuprofen is given

82. Which of the following laboratory values would indicate toxicity in the client taking acetaminophen daily?

83. Celecoxib is what class of drug?

84. Mefenamic acid is classified as

85. Immunosuppressants are used of the following except:

86. Interferon alfa - n3 (alferon N) would be the drug of choice for

87. Patient teaching of a patient receiving an interferon would include:

88. The nurse is assisting in administering immunizations at a health care clinic. The nurse understands that immunization provides which of the following?

89. Vaccines are used to stimulate:

90. Common adverse effects associated with routine immunization would not include:

91. The nurse is discussing vaccines with the mother of a 4-year-old child who attends a day care center that requires the DTaP vaccine. The mother, who is pregnant, tells the nurse that she does not want her child to receive the pertussis vaccine because she has heard that the disease is "not that serious" in older children. What information will the nurse include when discussing this with the mother?

92. What is the priority nursing assessment to monitor when administering vaccinations?

93. In immunizing school entrants with BCG, you are not obliged to secure parental consent. This is because of which legal document?

94. A 4 week old baby was brought to the health center for his first immunization. Which can be given to him?

95. A pregnant woman had just received her 4th dose of tetanus toxoid. Subsequently, her baby will have protection against tetanus for how long?

96. A 2-month old infant was brought to the health center for immunization. During assessment, the infant's temperature registered at 38.1°C. Which is the best course of action that you will take?

97. In our herbal medicines, what are the uses of akapulko?

98. In our herbal medicines, what are the uses of Lagundi?

99. Another herbal plant which the families can use for swollen gums and toothache is:

100. Since the mother's blood sugar level is high, you teach her to take which of the following herbal medicine approved by the DOH?