ESAT 3 PART 1 1-100

1. It is the information that is stored in digital form.

2. It is the international organization for standardization on a wide range of subjects. It creates set of rules and standards for graphics, document exchange, and etc.

3. It is the nth generation mobile phone technology. It supports calls, SMS, WAP, MMS, video calling, video conferencing, and universal global roaming.

4. Developed by ITU-T for modem interfacing and data transmission over telephone lines.

5. Developed by ITU-T for ISDN and Broadband ISDN.

6. It includes systems where a high-frequency analog carriers are modulated by a low- frequency digital information signals and systems involving the transmission of digital pulse.

7. It is the number of independent symbols, and it is defined as the smallest and basic building block of digital information.

8. The process of converting digital data to digital signals.

9. This carries data elements and the shortest unit (time wise) of a digital signal.

10. Number of signal elements sent in 1s. This is also known as Modulation rate. Decreasing this value decreases bandwidth required.

11. Is a modulation and multiplexing technique that distributes the signal and its sidebands over a very wide bandwidth

12. The frequency of the carrier of the transmitter is changed randomly at a rate higher than that of the serial binary data modulating the carrier.

13. The serial binary data is mixed with a higher-frequency pseudorandom binary code at a faster rate and the result is used to phase modulate a carrier.

14. It has an effect on symbol timing recovery circuit and if excessive, may significantly degrade the performance of cascaded regenerative sections.

15. It involves the transmission of only a single non-zero voltage level.

16. A server-based application that allows subscribers to access the services offered by the web.

17. Include the most modern and sophisticated networks and protocols available.

18. When an antiquated network or protocol finally disappears.

19. The rate required to download text documents is 100 pages per second. Assuming that a page is an average of 24 lines with 80 characters in each line, what is the required bit rate of the channel?

20. A versatile data-transmission system using 53-byte packets and designed to enable various kinds of data, including live audio and video, to be multiplexed.

21. Software to prevent unauthorized access to computers on a network by computers outside the network.

22. A system to allow users to log on to a distant host by emulating a dumb terminal; part of the TCP/IP suite

23. Uses a large number of low power wireless transmitters to create cells which is the basic geographic service area of the wireless communications system.

24. It is an analog telephone system and one of the earliest mobile telephone standard

25. It is the basic geographic unit in the cellular system.

26. ISDN stands for

27. A digital filter:

28. What does HVAC stands for HVAC Systems:

29. A 32 bit (4 byte) I/O bus data transfer size is use for data communications, if the transfer cycle time is 30 ns what is the transfer speed (in Mbps) of this I/O bus?

30. Also known as parallel-by-bit or serial- by-character transmission, wherein bits are transmitted one character at a time, and each bit of the set of bits that represent a character has its own wire or line.

31. It involves only two devices connected exclusively in one link.

32. Data transmission is unidirectional and information can be sent in only one direction.

33. It extracts the most significant portions of speech information directly from the time waveform rather than from the frequency spectrum as with the channel and formant vocoders.

34. It is the process of compression then expanding. It is used to protect the lower amplitude signals from noise.

35. A variation of the bus system.

36. It is the functional entity from which the network operator monitors and controls the system. Its purpose is to offer the customer cost-effective support for centralized, regional and local operational and maintenance activities that required for a GSM network.

37. Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is a digital modulation technique where the value of a symbol consisting of multiple bits is represented by amplitude and phase states of a carrier. If 16-QAM is four bits per symbol, how many bits per symbol does a 256-QAM represent?

38. Also known as two-way simultaneous, duplex, or both-way transmission, wherein data transmission is possible in both directions at the same time, but must be between same two stations.

39. It is more than half duplex and less than full duplex, and it is more of an error detection scheme rather than a transmission mode.

40. It is the transmittal of digital pulses between two or more points in a communication system. Transports info in digital form and therefore require a physical medium between the transmitter and receiver.

41. It is a measure of how much information can be propagated through a communications system and is a function of bandwidth and transmission time.

42. It states that information capacity is a function of bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio of the system.

43. When a long string of 0s or 1s can cause drift in the baseline and make it difficult for the receiver to decide correctly.

44. The voltages are on both sides of the time axis.

45. Is a pattern of binary 0s and 1s that changes randomly.

46. A network which have two stations only.

47. It is the companding standard used by United States of America and Japan.

48. It is the companding process which occurs after converting the signal to digital form.

49. A bit or sequence of bits that indicates the beginning or end of a packet.

50. It is also known as a building sire or a rooftop site, which is a small cell that typically have a radius of 1500 feet or less.

51. It is a group of cells that collectively use the complete of available channel frequencies.

52. Which channel in ISDN is for the bearer?

53. A digital filter in its simplest form consists of_________:

54. What does BMS stands for:

55. The maximum data rate depends on the bandwidth of the channel. If the channel has bandwidth of 3000 Hz, with 256 discrete symbols what is the maximum date speed the channel can handle?

56. These are computers that access and use the network and shared network resources.

57. It allows personal computers to access files, print to a local printer, and use one or more disk and CD drives that are located on the computer.

58. It is a network model in which all computers share their resources, such as hard drives and printers, with all other computers on the network.

59. It describes the layout and appearance of a network.

60. It describes how data actually flow through the network.

61. A topology with one central node that has each computer or network device attached to the central node known as hub. All data first goes into the central node and then is sent out to its destination.

62. Also known as fully connected topology, wherein every station has a direct two- point communications link to every other stations on the circuit.

63. Refers to the rate of change of a digital information signal, which is usually binary; it determines the line speed.

64. Defined as the minimum bandwidth necessary to pass M-ary digitally modulated carriers other than FSK is a function of the bit rate and the number of output states.

65. Change or lack of change determines the value of the bit. If there is no change bit = 0. If there is change bit = 1.

66. The time that the synthesizer remains on a single frequency.

67. Is a set of layers and protocols that govern the operation of the network.

68. A packet-transport protocol, similar to X.25 but with less error correction, making it faster over low-error-rate channels.

69. It is directly proportional to the number of times a cluster is duplicated in a given service area.

70. Which channel in ISDN is for voice and video?

71. An analog filter:

72. Is a system for controlling network traffic. Most bus networks use this protocol. Ethernet is the most common example.

73. It is the smallest area and a short-range wireless network that is set up automatically between two or more devices such as laptop computers, peripheral devices, or cell phones.

74. It is a high-speed network similar to a LAN except it is designed to encompass larger areas, usually that of an entire city, town or village.

75. It is the largest area network wherein the interconnection of devices are worldwide as in Internet connection.

76. Is a form of constant-amplitude angle modulation and similar to frequency modulation except that the modulating signal is a binary signal that varies between two discrete voltage levels.

77. Is a type of FSK detection wherein the incoming FSK signal is multiplied by a recovered carrier signal that has exact same frequency and phase as the transmitter reference.

78. Eight consecutive zero level voltages are replaced by 000VB0VB.

79. Rate of the code in direct sequence ss.

80. List of protocols used by a system.

81. A device used to connect computers or computer networks running incompatible operating systems.

82. It occurs when transmissions from adjacent channel interfere with each other.

83. There are how many ISDN implementation?

84. Analog filter has an accuracy that depends on:

85. Is a network connection used to carry traffic to and from LANs located in various buildings on campus.

86. Is a standardized way that a mobile phone talks to a server installed in the mobile phone network.

87. It is the name for set of standards for communications among computers for the purpose of serving as structural guideline for exchanging information between computers, terminals, and networks.

88. Its responsibilities include: the actual propagation of unstructured data bits through transmission medium, specifying the type of transmission medium and transmission mode, and the physical, electrical, functional and procedural standards for accessing the data communications network.

89. Its responsibilities include: providing error-free communications across the physical link connecting primary and secondary stations within a network; keeping the integrity of data from node- to-node; providing error detection and error correction; organizing bits into frames, and providing hop-to-hop delivery.

90. Its responsibilities include: providing the details that enable data to be routed between devices in an environment using multiple networks, subnetwork, or both; determining which network configuration is most appropriate for the function provided by the network; logical addressing and routing of data.

91. It is the highest layer in terms of communications and it acts as the interface between the network and session layer.

92. Its responsibilities include: controlling and ensuring the end-to-end integrity of the data message propagated through the network between two devices, which provides reliable, transparent transfer of data between two endpoints; segmenting, error recovery, and the two types of basic services to an upper-layer protocol.

93. Its responsibilities include: establishing, managing, and terminating sessions; network availability; providing logical connection entities at the application layer, network log-on and log- off procedures, user authentication, and determining the type of dialogue available.

94. Its responsibilities includes: addressing any code or syntax conversion necessary to present the data, data file formatting, encoding, encryption and decryption of messages, dialogue procedures, data compression algorithms, synchronization, interruption, and termination, performing code and character set translation and determining the display mechanism for messages.

95. It is the most intelligent of all layers. Its responsibilities include: serving as interface between user and network, distributed information services, controlling the sequence of activities, communicating directly with the user's application program, and allowing access to network resources.

96. It is an M-ary encoding technique where N is 2 and M is 4.

97. It is an M-ary encoding technique where N is 3 and M is 8.

98. The bit 1 is encoded as a zero voltage and the bit 0 is encoded as alternating positive and negative voltages.

99. Refers to any technique that is used for multiplexing many signals on a single communications channel.

100. Is an object or procedure considered by an authority or by general consent as a basis of comparison.