Dental Caries
1-All is true about caries except.....
A) Lactobacilli is the main causative organism of dental caries.
B) Smooth surface caries is due to streptococcus mutans.
C) pit and fissure caries can be prevented by using pit and fissure sealants.
D) Fluorides help in reducing caries incidence.
2-The lateral spread of dental caries is facilitated mostly by the.......
A) Enamel spindles
B) Dentinoenamel junction
C) Enamel lamellae
D) Striae of Retzius
3-The chief acid produced by enzymatic breakdown of carbohydrates by bacteria is........
A) Butyric acid
B) Lactic acid
C) Acetic acid
D) Butyric acid
4-Saliva has a buffering effect in dental caries due to....
A) Bicarbonates
B) Salivary immunoglobulin A
C) Lysozymes
D) Peroxides
5-All of the following are features of levan except.....
A) Water soluble
B) Storage for carbohydrates
C) Adhesive
D) Fructose polymer
6-The arch criminal of dental caries is.........
A) Fructose
B) Sucrose
C) Glucose
D) Starch
7-The experiment that proved the dental caries is a bacterial disease is..........
A) Vipeholm experiment
B) Miller experiment
C) Orland experiment
D) Both B & C
8-The intracellular polysaccharide used by bacteria in CHO deficiency is..........
A) Dextran
B) Levan
C) Amylopectin
D) Both A & B
9-The pioneer bacteria on dental pellicle is.........
A) Streptococcus mutans
B) Streptococcus sanguis
C) Lactobacillus
D) Both A & B
10-The critical PH that dental caries starts below is..............
A) 4.5
B) 6.5
C) 5.5
D) 7.4
11- The lateral extension of dentinal tubules due to proliferation of microorganism is called.....
A) Liquifaction foci
B) Beading
C) Transverse clefts
D) None of the above
12-Starch is considered to be less cariogenic than monosaccharides and disaccharides because it…
A) does not diffuse through plaque
B) is rapidly hydrolysed in the mouth
C) enhances remineralization
D) raises the PH in the oral cavity
13-Organism involved in smooth surface caries is: 1.Streptococcus Mutans 2.Actinomyces viscosus 3.Lactobacillus 4.Campylobacter
A) Only 1
B) Only 2
C) 1 & 3
D) All of the above
14-In patient with reduced salivary flow the caries incidence is:
A) more than the patient with normal salivary flow
B) less than the patient with normal salivary flow
C) unaffected
D) none of the above
15-The number of dentinal zones in dentinal caries is:
A) one
B) two
C) four
D) five
16-Widely accepted theory of dental caries is:
A) Proteolytic theory
B) Proteolosis chelation theory
C) Chemicoparasitic theory
D) Autoimmune theory
17-The correct order of microscopic zones of dentinal caries starting from the DEJ is:
A) Zone of sclerosis, decalcification zone, bacterial invasion
B) Bacterial invasion, decalcification zone, zone of sclerosis
C) Zone of sclerosis, bacterial invasion, decalcification zone
D) Decalcification zone, zone of sclerosis, bacterial invasion
18-The dietary carbohydrate most likely involved in etiology of dental caries is:
A) Glucose
B) Sucrose
C) Dextran
D) Polysaccharide
19-In the earliest stages of carious lesion, there is loss of:
A) Enamel cuticle
B) Interprismatic substance
C) Organic matrix
D) Enamel lamellae
20-Smooth surface caries is characterized by spread of caries in enamel and dentin as cones. These alignment in enamel and dentin is:
A) Base to base
B) Apex to base
C) Apex to apex
D) None of the above
21-Which tooth in the permanent dentition is the most susceptible to dental caries?
A) Maxillary first premolar
B) Maxillary second molar
C) Mandibular first molar
D) Mandibular second molar
22-Calcium Fluorapatite crystals have less solubility in acids than normal crystals. Lower anterior teeth have high caries index than upper anterior teeth.
A) Two sentences are correct
B) The first sentence is correct and the second is incorrect
C) The first sentence is incorrect and the second is correct
D) Two sentences are incorrect
23-In a caries free individual, the saliva has:
A) Low buffering capacity for acids
B) Medium buffering capacity for acids
C) High buffering capacity for acids
D) Caries incidence is independent of buffering capacity of saliva
24-Early invading bacteria in carious lesions are called:
A) Advancing bacteria
B) Anaerobic bacteria
C) Pioneer bacteria
D) Microcosm
25-Which of the following factors in the Stephan's curve is related to the caries incidence and sugar intake?
A) Physical form of sugar
B) Frequency of sugar intake
C) PH of plaque
D) Quantity of sugar intake
26-Animals maintained in a germ free environment fed on a high cariogenic diet did not develop caries. Is given by:
A) Miller
B) Snyder
C) Dorgham
D) Orland
27-The Pioneer bacteria which invade the dentin are:
A) Lactobacilli
B) Streptococcus mutans
C) Proteolytic bacteria
D) Acidogenic & Proteolytic
28-From the options listed, which type of carbohydrate cannot give Stephan's curve:
A) Amylopectin
B) Starch
C) Glucose
D) Fructose
29-A caries increment of………. Or more new carious lesions over one year is considered characteristic of rampant caries.
A) 8
B) 5
C) 10
D) 15
30-Transverse clefts occur in incremental lines of Von Ebner because:
A) they are a product of a physiologic process
B) they represent cyclic activity of the odontoblasts during dentin formation
C) they occur at regular increments
D) They run almost perpendicular to the dentinal tubules
31-Beading occurs in affected dentin zone. The pellicle is cellular layer.
A) Two sentences are correct
B) The first sentence is correct and the second is incorrect
C) The first sentence is incorrect and the second is correct
D) Two sentences are incorrect
32-The zone which has 1% pores in early enamel caries is:
A) Translucent zone
B) Dark zone
C) Body of the lesion
D) Surface zone
33-Newly erupted teeth are hypermineralized and less susceptible to caries. Temperature is one of the factors implicated in dental caries.
A) Two sentences are correct
B) The first sentence is correct and the second is incorrect
C) The first sentence is incorrect and the second is correct
D) Two sentences are incorrect
34-Bacterial growth in a vertical direction forming columns of bacteria in:
A) Growth phase
B) Intermediate phase
C) Maturation phase
D) Colonization of the acquired pellicle phase
35-Eburnation of dentin is:
A) Large open and soft
B) Glossy and dry
C) Black leathery dentin
D) Brown and leathery dentin
36-Which type of Immunoglobulins is considered a component of saliva?
A) Ig G
B) Ig M
C) Ig E
D) Ig A
37. All of the below given factors are responsible for causing dental caries except
(a) Dental plaque
(b) Diet
(c) Microorganisms
(d) Temperature
38. According to miller, which of these acids was held responsible for producing the lesions of dental caries, according to Miller?
(a) Lactic acid
(b) Ascorbic acid
(c) Picric acid
(d) Citric acid
39. From the properties given below identify which one does render carbohydrates cariogenic?
(a) Rapid clearance from oral cavity
(b) Stickiness of carbohydrates
(c) Frequent ingestion of carbohydrates
(d) Simple carbohydrates
40. The factor that is least associated with increased incidence of dental caries is
(a) Carbohydrate rich diet
(b) Malposed tooth
(c) Smoking
(d) Quantity of saliva
41. Undermining of enamel occurs due to
(a) Lateral spread of caries midway between enamel and dentin
(b) Lateral spread of caries at the dentinoenamel junction
(c) Lateral spread of caries midway between dentin and pulp
(d) Spread of caries along dentinal tubules
42. The least likely location for occurrence of smooth surface caries is:
(a) Labial surface of maxillary incisors
(b) Proximal surfaces of all teeth
(c) Gingival 1/3rd of buccal surfaces of teeth
(d) Gingival 1/3rd of lingual surfaces of teeth
43. Which theory of dental caries proposes that organic elements in teeth are the initial pathway of invasion of microorganisms?
(a) Sucrose chelation
(b) Proteolytic
(c) Autoimmune
(d) Chemicoparasitic
44. Acute dental caries occurs most frequently in children and young adults because
(a) Dentinal tubules are scleroses in the teeth of young people
(b) The apex of root of teeth are not formed completely
(c) Dentinal tubules are narrower in diameter
(d) Dentinal tubules are larger, open and show no sclerosis
45. Absence of caries in _______ teeth helps to distinguish nursing bottle caries from rampant caries
(a) Maxillary canines
(b) Mandibular incisors
(c) Maxillary incisors
(d) Mandibular canines
46. Which type of caries is most likely to show considerable surface destruction, shallow cavity, little undermining of enamel and little or no pain?
(a) Chronic
(b) Acute
(c) Rampant
(d) Recurrent
47. The first change to occur in caries of enamel is
(a) Loss of rod enamel
(b) Loss of inter rod enamel
(c) Loss of rod sheath
(d) Increased prominence of enamel rods
48. Which surface of a tooth has maximum susceptibility for occurrence of dental caries?
(a) Occlusal
(b) Lingual
(c) Mesial
(d) Distal
49. In enamel caries, the advancing front of the lesion is called
(a) Body of lesion
(b) Dark zone
(c) Surface zone
(d) Translucent zone
50. Of all the zones in enamel caries which zone is not always present?
(a) Translucent
(b) Dark
(c) Body
(d) Surface
51. What is the earliest histological evidence of dentinal caries?
(a) Transparent dentin
(b) Fatty degeneration of odontoblastic processes
(c) Lateral spread of caries along dentino-enamel junction
(d) Miller’s liquefaction foci
52- Recurrent caries occurs due to all of the following factors except:
A) Inadequate extension of original restoration
B) Poor adaptation of the filling material
C) Recurrent bacterial attack
D) Poor margins permitting leakage
53-All are zones of enamel caries except:
A) Surface zone
B) Translucent zone
C) Body of the lesion
D) Zone of bacterial invasion
54- Which zone of enamel caries shows greatest demineralization?
A) Body of the lesion
B) Surface zone
C) Translucent zone
D) Dark zone
55- Positive zone of enamel caries is:
A) Surface zone
B) Dark zone
C) Body of the lesion
D) Translucent zone
56- Greatest concentration of fluoride is seen in which zone of enamel caries?
A) Surface zone
B) Dark zone
C) Body of the lesion
D) Translucent zone
57-All are zones of dentinal caries except:
A) Zone of sclerosis
B) Zone of decalcification
C) Zone of translucency
D) Zone of bacterial invasion
58- Which one of the following occurs earliest in caries of dentin?
A) Beading
B) Invasion of pioneer bacteria
C) Initial demineralization
D) Liquefaction foci
59-Regarding to root caries, one sentence is correct when compared to coronal caries:
A) Caries progression is slower in outer layer
B) Caries progression is faster in outer layer
C) Caries progression is same both type of caries
D) Caries progression is faster below the gingival margin in pockets
60-Which sentence is wrong?
A) The cervical caries almost always occurs as an open cavity
B) The progression of caries in big cavity of pits and fissure is faster than pin point pits and fissure cavity
C) Interproximal caries begins just below the contact point and appears in initial stages as a faint white opacity
D) The gingival one third caries is crescent in shape
61-Progression of dental caries on pit and fissures occur from:
A) Apex of the pit and fissure
B) Wide end of the pit and fissure
C) Lateral surface of the pit and fissure
D) Bottom of the pit and fissure
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