Psychology Exam Review

According to the Drive Reduction Theory, humans

Are pushed towards goal-directed behaviors that will meet a biological need

Seek the lowest level of arousal that meets their stimulation needs

Need incentives to pull them in direction of affiliation

Look for ways to have power over others

According to the Self Determination theory, humans are motivated

By a need for autonomy, to feel competent, and to feel related to others

By power, achievement, and affiliation

By a need to maintain homeostasis

To maintain a medium state of arousal

All of these are effects of obesity on the body EXCEPT

Poor self esteem

Obstructive sleep apnea

Type 1 diabetes

Insulin resistance

An example of extrinsic motivation is

Exercising because it makes you feel good about yourself

Working overtime for the extra money

Reading for pleasure

Taking a cooking class because you love cooking

Emotions have 3 elements, a behavior, a feeling, and

Physiological arousal

A reason

An increase in insulin

Pituitary involvement

Sally is trying really hard to get accepted into the sorority at her university. According to Maslow, Sally is trying to satisfy her

Physiological needs

Love and belonging needs

Safety needs

Self-actualization needs

Sally knew that it would be wrong to laugh or smile while her supervisor was reprimanding her. This is an example of a

Display rule

Incentive

An emotional control

Lack of respect

Sam was broke and had no money for food so he stole some food from the grocery store. Which theory of motivation explains this behavior the best?

The optimal arousal theory

The evolutionary/instinctual theory

The self determination theory

McClellanadas motivational theory

Susie really likes hiking, she feels so alive and at peace when she is out in nature. For Susie, hiking is

An intrinsic motivator

An extrinsic motivator

A primary reinforcer

A physiological need

Susie was worrried that Sally was developing anorexia. Besides being very, very, thin, Sally had also

Stopped having a menstrual period

Was eating enormous amounts of food and then making herself vomit

Was having dental issues

Had a BMI over 30

The most important idea to remember about Maslowas Hierarchy of Needs is

That lower needs must be met before attempting to meet higher needs

Creativity is always at the top of the triangle

Organizations can use the theory for positive or negative outcomes

Optimal arousal must be maintained

When blood levels of leptin are low,

Hunger increases

Hunger decreases

Glucose in the blood stabilizes

The hypothalamus produces insulin

According to the drive reduction theory, when we are driven to satisfy a biological need we are being pushed towards

Secondary reinforcers

Postivie punishments

Primary reinforcers

Safety needs

A toddler goes to great lengths to open a box. She knows there is nothing in the box. This is an example of:

Extrinsic motivation

Intrinsic motivation

Homeostasis

Secondary motivation

Kate doesn't laugh during the funeral even though she was thinking of a funny incident from her childhood during the service because to do so would violate the ___ of our culture

Intrinsic rules

Display rules

Behavioral guidlines

Values

According to Maslow's view of motivation, if you haven't eaten all day, your thoughs will be MOST focused on your

Self-esteem

Physiological needs

Sense of belonging

Physical safety

At age thirty-three, Ricky is a top partner in a law firm. He lives alone because he cannot seem to maintain a relationship. He has a nice house with elaborate secruity system and drives an expensive sports car. According to Maslow, why is he still miserable?

He has not reached slef-actualization

His bioloigical needs are not being met

His need to belong is not being met

He does not feel safe at home

Sally finds math very challengings; according to the optimal arousal theory, in order for her to concentrate on her homework, what type of enviroment should she look for?

She should find a quiet place without distractions because difficult tasks are rasier when arousal is low

She should look for a place that makes her happy inside and then she will be able to concentrate

She should find a place with lots of activity as difficult tasks are easier with greater arousal

She should find a place woth lots of people around and interesting background noise to help her focus

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