Anatomy Dr. San Phalnika Part 1

1. From which structure is the cerebrum embryonically derived?

A. Mesencephalon

B. Myelencephalon

C. Diencephalon

D. Telencephalon

2. Which lobe of the cerebrum is responsible for personality?

A. Frontal lobe

B. Parietal lobe

C. Occipital lobe

D. Temporal lobe

3. Which arteries supply the most lateral portions of the cerebrum?

A. Anterior cerebral arteries

B. Middle cerebral arteries

C. Posterior cerebral arteries

D. Basilar artery

4. If a patient experiences damage to the temporal lobe, which symptom are they most likely to present with?

A. Visual field defects

B. Recognition deficits

C. Personality changes

D. Attention deficits

5. Which structure separates the frontal and parietal lobes from the temporal lobe?

A. Central sulcus

B. Precentral gyrus

C. Lateral sulcus

D. Postcentral gyrus

6. The falx cerebri is a fold of what structure?

A. The pia mater

B. The dura mater

C. The arachnoid mater

D. The corpus collosum

7. The cerebral veins drain into what structure?

A. Dural venous sinuses

Internal vertebral plexuses

C. External vertebral sinuses

D. Transverse pontine vein

8. What is the function of the corpus callosum?

A. Stores memories

B. Involved in visuospatial function

C. Connects the left and right hemispheres

D. Controls breathing rate

9. From which structure is the cerebellum embryonically derived?

A. Myelencephalon

B. Metencephalon

C. Telencephalon

D. Diencephalon

10. What structure separates the cerebellum from the occipital and temporal lobes?

A. Tentorium cerebelli

B. Longitudinal fissure

C. Falx cerebri

D. Fourth ventricle

11. Which lobe is not part of the cerebellum?

A. Occipital lobe

B. Anterior lobe

C. Posterior lobe

D. Flocculonodular lobe

12. Which functional division is responsible for balance?

A. Cerebrocerebellum

B. Spinocerebellum

C. Vestibulocerebellum

D. None of the above

13. From where does the superior cerebellar artery originate?

A. Internal carotid artery

B. Anterior communicating artery

C. Basilar artery

D. Posterior communicating artery

14. The colliculi sit in what relation to the pineal gland?

A. Superiorly

B. Inferiorly

C. Laterally

D. Medially

15. The colliculi of the midbrain are separated by which structure?

A. Substantia nigra

B. Cruciform sulcus

C. Oculomotor nerve

D. Trochlear nerve

16. The interpeduncular fossa separates which two structures?

A. Left and right cerebral peduncles

B. Left and right cerebellar peduncles

C. Corticospinal and corticobulbar fibres

D. Pars reticulata and pars compacta

17. At which structure do the paired cerebral peduncles converge?

A. Medulla

B. Thalamus

C. Pons

D. Red nucleus

18. The red nuclei are found at what level of the midbrain?

A. Inferior colliculus

B. Pons

C. Superior colliculus

D. Medulla

19. The pons develops from which part of the primitive brain?

A. Telencephalon

B. Diencephalon

C. Mesencephalon

D. Metencephalon

20. Which of the following structures lies posteriorly to the pons?

A. Cerebrum

B. Midbrain

C. Cerebellum

D. Medulla

21. Which of the following cranial nerves does NOT originate from the pons?

A. CN IV - Trochlear

B. CN V - Trigeminal

C. CN VI - Abducens

D. CN VII Facial

22. Which of the following structures connects the pons to the cerebellum?

A. Superior cerebellar peduncle

B. Middle cerebellar peduncle

C. Inferior cerebellar peduncle

D. Tentorium cerebelli

23. Which cranial nerve innervates the dura mater?

A. Abducens nerve (VI)

B. Spinal accessory nerve (IX)

C. Olfactory nerve (I)

D. Trigeminal nerve (V)

24. Where does blood collect in an extradural haematoma?

A. Between the dura and arachnoid mater

B. Between the endosteal and meningeal layers

C. Between the arachnoid and pia mater

D. Between the skull and endosteal layer

25. What is contained within the sub-arachnoid space?

A. Nerves supplying the arachnoid mater

B. Dural venous sinuses

C. Cerebrospinal fluid

D. Blood vessels supplying the arachnoid mater

26. Which best describes pia mater?

A. Delicate internal vascular layer

B. Delicate internal avascular layer

C. Thick external fibrous layer

D. Thick external fibrous avascular layer

27. Which bacterium can be responsible for meningitis?

A. Staphylococcus aureus

B. Streptococcus pneumoniae

C. Streptococcus pyogenes

D. Clostridium perfringens

28. What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid in relation to the brain

A. Protection

B. Buoyancy

C. Chemical stability

D. All of the above

29. Where is cerebrospinal fluid produced?

A. Cerebral aqueduct

B. Central spinal canal

C. Choroid plexus

D. Subarachnoid cisterns

30. What type of hydrocephalus can be caused by obstruction to the cerebral aqueduct?

by obstruction to the cerebral aqueduct? A. Communicating hydrocephalus

B. Hydrocephalus ex vacuo

C. Non-communicating hydrocephalus

D. Overactive hydrocephalus

31. What type of epithelial cells surround the choroid plexus?

A. Cuboidal

B. Columnar

C. Transverse

D. Squamous

32. Which ventricles are surrounded by the foramen of Monro?

A. Left and right lateral ventricles to the 3rd ventricle

B. 3rd ventricle to the 4th ventricle

C. Left lateral ventricle to the right lateral ventricle

D. Left lateral ventricle to the 3rd ventricle

33. Which of these is the main secretion of the pineal gland?

A. Melatonin

B. Calcitonin

C. Serotonin

D. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone

34. The pineal gland is attached by a stalk to the posterior wall of which ventricle?

A. First

B. Second

C. Third

D. Fourth

35. The posterior choroidal arteries originate from which main artery?

A. Anterior cerebral artery

B. Middle cerebral artery

C. Posterior cerebral artery

D. Posterior communicating arteries

36. Which of the following is the most common type of pineal tumour?

A. Parenchymal tumours

B. Germ cell tumours

C. Astrocytoma

D. Pineal cyst

37. What is located inferior to the pituitary gland?

A. Sphenoid sinus

B. Cavernous sinus

C. Optic chiasm

D. Basilar artery

38. What structure can become compressed in a pituitary adenoma, leading to problems with vision?

A. Basilar artery

B. Cavernous sinus

C. Optic chiasm

D. Pons

39. What part of the anterior pituitary gland is mainly responsible for hormone secretion?

A. Hypothalamus

B. Pars tuberalis

C. Pars intermedia

D. Pars anterior

40. Which of the following hormones is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?

A. Prolactin

B. ACTH

C. FSH

D. Oxytocin

41. Which of the following is not part of the main arterial supply to the posterior pituitary gland?

A. Superior hypophyseal artery

B. Infundibular artery

C. Inferior hypophyseal artery

D. Occipital artery

42. The olfactory nerve is cranial nerve number

A. I

B. II

C. III

D. IV

43. The olfactory nerve exits the cranium through the:

A. Greater wing of sphenoid

B. Cribriform plate of ethmoid

C. Superior orbital fissure

D. Optic canal

44. Which of these is the correct location of the olfactory bulb?

A. Anterior cranial fossa

B. Middle cranial fossa

C. Posterior cranial fossa

D. Border of middle and posterior cranial fossa

45. The olfactory mucosa is lined by which type of epithelium?

A. Stratified squamous

B. Pseudostratified columnar

C. Simple columnar

D. None of the above

46. Which of the following conditions is most likely to follow damage to the olfactory nerve?

A. Dysphagia

B. Dysphonia

C. Aphonia

D. Anosmia

47. Which retinal fibres are present in the left optic tract?

A. Left temporal and left nasal

B. Left temporal and right nasal

C. Right temporal and right nasal

D. Right temporal and left nasal

48. Which cranial nerve is the optic nerve?

A. VI

B. III

C. II

D. XI

49. Which of these conditions is a pituitary adenoma most likely to cause?

A. Exophthalmos

B. Uveitis

C. Bitemporal hemianopia

D. Glaucoma

50. What surrounds the optic nerve?

A. Perineurium

B. Cranial meninges

C. Endoneurium

D. Epineurium

Anatomy Dr. San Phalnika Part 1

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