Blood brain barrier exam questions for uni - take the quiz
What is the main function of the blood-brain barrier?
Regulating the passage of substances into the brain
Maintaining blood pressure
Producing cerebrospinal fluid
Transmitting nerve impulses
Which cells make up the majority of the blood-brain barrier?
Astrocytes
Neurons
Microglia
Oligodendrocytes
Which of the following molecules can easily cross the blood-brain barrier?
Oxygen
Glucose
Sodium ions
Antibiotics
Which neurotransmitter is actively transported across the blood-brain barrier?
Dopamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
GABA
Which disease is characterized by a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier?
Multiple sclerosis
Alzheimer's disease
Parkinson's disease
Epilepsy
What type of junctions between endothelial cells contribute to the tightness of the blood-brain barrier?
Tight junctions
Gap junctions
Adherens junctions
Desmosomes
Which transport mechanism is responsible for the passage of large molecules across the blood-brain barrier?
Receptor-mediated transcytosis
Simple diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
Which of the following factors can influence the permeability of the blood-brain barrier?
Inflammation
Age
Blood pressure
Genetic mutations
Which cell type in the blood-brain barrier is responsible for actively pumping out toxins and drugs?
P-glycoprotein-expressing cells
Astrocytes
Microglia
Neurons
Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for regulating the tightness of the blood-brain barrier?
Adenosine
Glutamate
Serotonin
GABA
What is the primary function of the blood-brain barrier during development?
Preventing harmful substances from entering the developing brain
Promoting neuronal growth
Regulating synaptic plasticity
Facilitating myelination
Which of the following diseases is associated with blood-brain barrier dysfunction?
Stroke
Epilepsy
Brain tumor
Migraine
What is the primary structural component of the blood-brain barrier?
Endothelial cells
Neurons
Astrocytes
Microglia
Which of the following substances can cross the blood-brain barrier through passive diffusion?
Lipid-soluble molecules
Water
Large proteins
Ions
What is the main function of tight junctions in the blood-brain barrier?
Preventing paracellular diffusion
Facilitating transcellular transport
Regulating immune responses
Promoting angiogenesis
Which of the following factors can disrupt the blood-brain barrier?
Inflammation
Traumatic brain injury
Infection
Aging
What is the primary mechanism by which drugs are transported across the blood-brain barrier?
Active efflux transport
Passive diffusion
Receptor-mediated transcytosis
Facilitated diffusion
Which of the following substances can be actively transported into the brain across the blood-brain barrier?
Glucose
Amino acids
Calcium ions
Nitric oxide
How does the blood-brain barrier contribute to maintaining a stable brain environment?
By preventing fluctuations in ion concentrations
By promoting neurogenesis
By regulating sleep-wake cycles
By modulating synaptic plasticity
Which of the following substances can cross the blood-brain barrier through carrier-mediated transport?
Dopamine
Serotonin
Oxygen
Glucose
What is the primary role of astrocytes in the blood-brain barrier?
Maintaining the integrity of the barrier
Transmitting nerve impulses
Phagocytosing debris
Producing myelin
Which of the following factors can enhance the permeability of the blood-brain barrier?
Inflammatory cytokines
Hypertension
Alcohol consumption
Regular exercise
What is the main purpose of the blood-brain barrier in relation to drug delivery?
Limiting the entry of drugs into the brain
Enhancing drug absorption
Preventing drug metabolism
Promoting drug excretion
Which of the following molecules can cross the blood-brain barrier through receptor-mediated transcytosis?
Insulin
Transferrin
Sodium ions
Antibiotics
What is the primary function of the blood-brain barrier in relation to immune responses?
Preventing the entry of immune cells into the brain
Promoting inflammation
Enhancing antibody production
Regulating cytokine release
Which of the following diseases is associated with blood-brain barrier dysfunction?
Alzheimer's disease
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
Schizophrenia
Autism spectrum disorder
How does the blood-brain barrier contribute to protecting the brain from toxins?
By actively pumping out toxins
By neutralizing toxins
By promoting neurogenesis
By enhancing synaptic plasticity
Which of the following factors can influence the development and maturation of the blood-brain barrier?
Developmental cues
Environmental toxins
Hormonal changes
Genetic mutations
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