Biochemistry

1.1 Which of the following sugars is absorbed by facilitated transport?

1.2 Amylase present in saliva is:

1.3 The absorption of glucose is decreased by the deficiency of:

1.4 For activity of salivary amylase. Which of the following is required as activator:

1.5 Which of the following hormone increase the absorption of glucose from GI tract?

2.1. UDP–Glucose is converted to UDP–glucuronic acid by:

2.2. All of the following compounds are intermediates of TCA cycle except:

2.3. In conversion of lactic acid to glucose, three reactions of glycolytic pathway are circumvented, which of the following enzymes do not participate?

2.29. Which of the following enzyme is not involved in HMP shunt?

2.4. MacArdle’s disease involves a deficiency of the which enzyme?

2.5. In the normal resting state of humans, most of the blood glucose brunt as ‘fuel’ is consumed by:

2.6. A regulator of the enzyme glycogen synthase is:

2.7. Which of the following compound is a positive allosteric modifier of the enzyme pyruvate carboxylase?

2.8. A specific inhibitor for succinate dehydrogenase is:

2.9. Most of metabolic pathways are either anabolic (synthetic) or catabolic (degradation). Which of the following pathways is considered as “amphibolic” in nature?

2.10. Transketolase activity is affected in:

2.11. The following metabolic abnormalities occur in Diabetes mellitus, except:

2.12. A substance that is not an intermediate in the formation of D-glucuronic acid from glucose is:

2.13. Von Gierke’s disease is characterised by a deficiency of which enzyme?

2. 14. The hydrolysis of glucose-6-P is catalysed by a phosphatase that is not found in which of the following?

2.15. An essential for converting glucose to glycogen in Liver is

2.16. Which of the following is a substrate for aldolase activity in glycolytic pathway?

2.17. The ratio that approximates the number of net molecule of ATP formed per mole of glucose oxidised in presence of O2 to the net number formed in absence of O2 is:

2.18. The “Primaquin sensitivity type” of haemolytic anaemia has been found to be related to reduced RB cells activity of which enzyme?

2.19. Which of the following hormones is not involved in carbohydrate metabolism:

2.20. Dehydrogenases involved in HMP shunt are specific for:

2.21. Which of the following enzymes in glycolytic pathway is inhibited by fluoride?

2.22. Out of 24 mols of ATP formed in citric acid cycle, two molecules of ATP can be formed at “substrate level”, by which of the following reaction?

2.23. The fructokinase reaction in fructose metabolism produces which of the following intermediates?

2.24. Which of the following statements regarding TCA cycle is true?

2.25. An allosteric enzyme responsible for controlling the rate of TCA cycle is:

2.26. A liver biopsy from an infant with hepatomegaly, stunted growth, hypoglycaemia, lactic acidosis, hyperlipidaemia revealed accumulation of glycogen having normal structure. A possible diagnosis would be:

27. How may ATP molecules will be required for conversion of two molecules of lactic acid to glucose?

28. In Rapaport-Leubering shunt in erythrocytes, 2,3-biphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) is produced from which intermediate in glycolytic pathway?

3.1. “Micelles” formed in the intestine have which of the following properties?

3.2. Dietary TGs (triacylglycerols) are absorbed from the intestinal lumen after hydrolysis mainly as:

3.3. The gastric lipase is inactive because of the following reasons except:

3.4. Delay in the rate of gastric emptying is due to the action of:

3.5. Ca++ facilitates action of lipase:

4.1. A pathway that requires NADPH as a cofactor is:

4.2. LCAT activity is associated with which of the lipoprotein complex?

4.3. The ‘committed step’ in the biosynthesis of cholesterol from acetyl-CoA is:

4.4. In β-oxidation of fatty acids, which of the following are utilised as coenzymes?

4.5. The most important source of reducing equivalents for FA synthesis in the Liver is:

4.6. The lipoproteins with the fastest electrophoretic mobility and the lowest TG content are:

4.7. All of the following tissues are capable of using ketone bodies, except

4.8. The major source of cholesterol in arterial smooth muscle cells is from:

4.9. Ketone bodies are synthesised from fatty acid oxidation products by which of the following organs?

4.10. Chain elongation of fatty acids occurring in mammalian Liver takes place in which of the following subcellular fractions of the cell?

4.11. Which of the following cofactors of their derivatives must be present for the conversion of acetyl-CoA to Malonyl-CoA in extramitochondrial FA synthesis?

4.13. Which of the following statement regarding β- oxidation is true:

4.14. All statements regarding 3-OH-3 methly glutaryl CoA are true, except:

4.15. Which of the following lipoproteins would contribute to a measurement of plasma cholesterol in a normal individual following a 12 hour fast?

4.16. All statements regarding ketone bodies are true except:

4.17. In synthesis of TG from α-Glycero-P and acyl- CoA, the first intermediate formed is:

4.18. During each cycle of β-oxidation of FA, all the following compounds are generated, except:

4.19. The energy yield from complete oxidation of products generated by second reaction cycle of β- oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA will be:

4.20. β-oxidation of odd-carbon fatty acid chain produces:

4.22. Brown adipose tissue is characterised by the following:

4.23. Ketosis is partly ascribed to:

4.24. The free fatty acids in blood are:

4.25. Triacylglycerol (TG) Present in VLDL is hydrolysed by:

4.26. Carnitine is synthesised from:

4.27. A metabolite which is common to pathways of cholesterol biosynthesis from acetyl-CoA and cholecaliferol formation from cholesterol is:

4.28. Acetyl-CoA required for extramitochondrial FA synthesis is produced by:

4.29. Biosynthesis of TG and lecithin both require an intermediate

4.30. The rate limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis is:

4.10. Chain elongation of fatty acids occurring in mammalian Liver takes place in which of the following subcellular fractions of the cell?

5.1. Pancreatic juice contains all of the following, except:

5.2. The milk protein in the stomach in an adult is digested by:

5.3. Carboxypeptidase A enzyme of pancreatic juice contains:

5.4. The enzyme collagenase of pancreatic juice hydrolyses collagen present in:

5.5. The zymogen form trypsinogen of pancreatic juice is converted to ‘active’ trypsin by:

5.6. Carboxypeptidase B acts as an exopeptidase and hydrolyses the terminal peptide bonds containing:

5.7. Inactive zymogens (proenzymes) are precursors of all the following gastrointestinal enzymes, except

5.8. Which of the following regarding digestion of proteins are correct, except:

5.9. Rennin acts on casein of milk in infants in presence of:

5.10. Active chymotrypsin is:

5.11. During intestinal proteolysis:

5.12. Pepsin contains large amounts of which of the following amino acids:

5.13. D-amino acids are absorbed by:

5.14. Chymotrypsin hydrolyses the peptide linkages containing

6. 1. Quantitatively the most important enzyme involved in formation of NH3 from amino acids in humans is:

6.2. The two nitrogen atoms in urea arise from:

6.3. Ochronosis is a feature of:

6.4. Which of the following substance is responsible for GI disturbances and respiratory distress seen in “carcinoid syndrome”?

6.5. A product of the series of reactions that converts carbamoyl-(P) to urea is:

6.6. Ornithine has all of the following properties except:

6.7. Epinephrine is formed from norepinephrine by:

6.8. The rate limiting step in the biosynthetic pathway of catecholamines is:

6.9. Which of the following compounds serve as a primary link between the TCA cycle and the urea cycle?

6.10. Serine can be a percussor of each of the following, except:

6.11. Homocystinuria is an inherited disorder characterised by:

6.12. All are true about phenylketonuria, except:

6.13. The rate of excretion of certain substances in 24-hr sample of urine can be used to estimate the rate of muscle protein loss. Which of the following substances falls into this category?

6.14. Degradation and excretion of biogenic amines involve all of the following reactions, except:

6.15. Tryptophan is best described by which of the following statement?

6.16. Which of the following amino acids are required for synthesis of creatine?

6.17. Deficiency of which of the following vitamins cause creatinuria?

6.20. Which of the following enzyme catalyses reactions in the biosynthesis of both catecholamines and 5-OH tryptamine(serotonin)?

6.21. The following statements regarding creatinine are correct except:

6.22. Phenylketonuria is an inherited disorder due to deficiency of the enzyme:

6.23. Which of the following amino acids on degradation produces a glucogenic intermediate of TCA cycle and ketone body?

6.24. Reactions of urea cycle take place in liver cells

6.25. Depletion of α-ketoglutarate during increased NH3 influx leads to the formation of :

6.26. Which of the following amino acids produce a vasodilator on decarboxylation:

6.27. Breakdown of amino acid tryptophan begins with formation of:

6.28. During degradation of amino acid leucine to acetyl-CoA, it produces which compound that help in cholesterol biosynthesis:

6.29. Urinary oxalates in small quantities may arise from:

6.31. In humans the sulphur of methionine and cysteine is excreted mainly as:

6.15. Tryptophan is best described by which of the following statement?

7.1. A high ATP/AMP ratio will inhibit which of the following enzyme?

7.2. Increased citric acid levels in the blood will stimulate which of the enzyme?

8.1. Which of the following steps in the biosynthesis of porphyrins is the rate-controlling?

8.2. Substrates required for haemoglobin biosynthesis are:

8.3. Which of the porphyrins go into the formation of protoporphyrin IX?

8.4. In the biosynthesis of porphyrins, which of the coenzyme is required for δ-ALA formation:

8.5. δ-ALA dehydratase enzyme requires for its activity:

8.6. Oxidative decarboxylase system which converts coproporphyrinogen III to protoporphyrinogen IX requires which of the coenzyme:

8.7. The enzyme which catalyses the synthesis of Haem from protoporphyrin IX is:

8.8. In mammalian liver, conversion of coproporphyrinogen III to protoporphyrinogen IX requires the presence of:

8.9. Uroporphyrin and coproporphyrin of which series is excreted in urine in congenital erythropoietic porphyria: