Bio-exam 2014, part 1

A vibrant illustration of DNA strands with mutation symbols and cancer cells, depicting concepts of molecular biology and genetics in a classroom setting.

Bio-Exam 2014: Part 1

Test your understanding of key concepts in molecular biology with our comprehensive quiz, designed to challenge your knowledge on mutations, DNA structures, and cancer biology.

Featuring:

25 questions covering various essential topics
Multiple choice and checkbox formats
Immediate feedback on your answers

25 Questions6 MinutesCreated by AnalyzingGene102

A nonsense mutation generally results in:

Translation of incorrect amino acids

Shorter polypeptide

No change in expressed protein

A frameshift

Which of the following is an accurate statement concerning the differences between DNA and RNA?

RNA is usually double-stranded, but DNA is usually single-stranded

RNA has the sugar deoxyribose, but DNA has the sugar ribose

RNA contains three different nucleotides, but DNA contains four different nucleotides.-

RNA lacks the base thymine (which is found in DNA) and has uracil instead.

Which of the following can lead to a loss of gene function:

A missense mutation

A silent mutation

A change from T to C in the TATA box

A nonsense mutation

The DNA sequence of a codon in a gene was changed from T to C. This type of mutation is called a(n) ________

Point mutation

Insertion mutation

Deletion mutation

Frameshift mutation

Which of the following is not involved in the processing of mRNA precursors in eukaryotic cells?

Cap binding of the 5’ end

Addition of poly A

Addition of introns

Removal of exons

When all or a piece of a chromosome becomes attached to another chromosome, the aberration is called an:

Inversion

Translocation

Deletion

Duplication

Mark features of fibroadenoma (benign tumor)

Rather slow rate of growth

Metastases are never present

DNA of tumor does not contain any mutations

Caused by frameshift mutation within MLH1 gene

Which of the following statements is NOT true about cancer?

A Cancer can be a genetic disease which is inherited-

Cancer is primarily a disease caused by DNA polymorphisms.

A cancer can be caused by mutations which inactivate oncogenes

A tumor is not regarded as malignant until it spreads to other parts of the body forming secondary tumors.

Which of the following types of protein could be coded by a tumor suppressor gene?

A protein which gives a cell a growth advantage

A protein which inhibits cell proliferation

A protein which suppress mitosis

A protein that stimulate mitosis.

What is the theoretical progression of nucleic acid amplification by PCR?

1,2,3,4,5,6,....

1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000,...

2, 4, 8, 16, 32, ...

2, 4, 24, 96, 384, 1024,

Mark correct sentences:

Frame-shift is caused by four nucleotides deletion

In-frame mutation is caused by four nucleotides deletion

Frame-shift is caused by three nucleotides insertion

In-frame mutation is caused by three nucleotides insertion

Function of RNA polymerase is: (making RNA)

Replication of DNA

Transcription from DNA to RNA

Translation from RNA to protein

Denaturation of DNA

RNA interference:

Single-stranded RNA probe becomes attached with another single-stranded sequence

Requires Dicer enzyme

Regulates protein synthesis

Takes place in the cytoplasm

Tumor suppressor genes:

Are usually well expressed among healthy individuals

One mutated allele is enough to cause cancer

Encode proteins that increase cell proliferation

Rb and p53 are examples of such genes

Mark the correct sequence of phases during mitosis:

Prophase-metaphase-telophase-anaphase

Prophase-metaphase-anaphase-telophase

Metaphase-prophase-anaphase-telophase

Prophase-anaphase-telophase-metaphase

A germline point mutation within exon 5 of the MLH-gene was detected in a patient. Which of the following methods can be used in order to examine his relatives:

RFLP

Sequencing

MLPA

Karyotyping

The karyotype consists of 92 (92 XXYY) chromosomes. Such chromosomal alteration can be an example of:

Triploidy

Aneuploidy

Polyploidy

Trisomy

It is true, that in case of balanced translocation;

The length of exchanged DNA fragments is the same

Such translocation can be detected by HRM-

Clinical symptoms are usually more severe than in case of unbalanced translocation-

We observe deletion within one of the chromosomes involved in translocation-

Metatases:

Can travel by lymphatic system

Can travel by blood system

Can occur I the tumor is benign

Can always be detected by the use of computer tomography

Sequencing can be used in detection of:

Chromosomal translocation

Known point mutation

Unknown point mutation

Polymorphisms

It is true, that:

Phenotype is the appearance of an individual in a given environment

Missense mutations result in shortening of proteins-

Somatic mutations can be inherited by next generations

Germline mutations can be detected only I malignant tissue

Which of the following statements are true about Endoplasmic Reticulum?

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum makes lipids

It is also called the control center of the cell

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum contains ribosomes.

It contains DNA

Bio-exam 2014, part 1

Bio-Exam 2014: Part 1

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