SAM LYHENG DENTISTRY Immunology part1
All of the following are true with respect to IgM antibodies, EXCEPT
They fix complement
They occur on the surface of lymphocytes
They are glycoproteins
They mediate allergic reaction
One principal function of complement is to:
Inactivate perforins
Mediate the release of histamine
Bind antibodies attached to cell surfaces and to lyse these cells
Phagocytize antigens
One principal function of the Class I and Class II major histocompatibility complex is to
Transduce the signal to the T-cell interior
Mediate immunoglobulin class
Present antigen for recognition by the T-cell receptor
Stimulate production of interleukins
The major role of the complement system is to work in conjunction with:
Antibodies to lyse cells via the C8 and C9 components
MHC for cell recognition
Antibodies to opsonize cells
T-cell receptor for production of lymphokines
T-cell antigen receptors are distinguished from antibodies by which of the following
T-Cell receptors are glycosylated
T-cell receptors must interact with antigen
T-Cell receptors bind various cytokines
T-Cell receptors bind complement to lyse cells
T-cell receptors or antibodies react with antigens:
Because both are made by lymphocytes
Because they have specific receptors for antigen
Because both 'have light chain and heavy chain polypeptides
Cause histamine release
All of the following are true of antigen, EXCEPT:
They contain epitopes.
They will react with antibodies.
They contain antigenic determinants.
They contain paratopes
All of the following are true with respect to IgE molecules, EXCEPT
They are the principal immunoglobulin class involved in allergic reactions.
They are involved in mediating anti-parasitic immune responses.
They will cross the placenta and fix complement)
They can effect the release of histamine.
Which of the following immunoglobulins is present normally in plasma at the highest concentration?:
IgG
IgM
IgA
IgE
All of the following are true about antibodies, EXCEPT:
They fix complement.
They occur on the surface of B-lymphocyte
They are glycoproteins.
They are a single amino acid sequence
In the complement system, the classic pathway initiates by the complement :
C1qrs
MBL
C4
C5
The immunoglobulin Joining chain (J-chain) is:
Produced by T-Cells
Associated with IgM and IgG
Associated with IgM and IgA
Produced by mast cells
All of the following are true, EXCEPT:
An epitope is a portion of an antigen
The variable contain the antigen recognition site
IgM antibody is pentavalent
IgG antibody is bivalent
Which immunoglobulin is the principal one found in secretions such as mucus
IgG
IgM
IgA
IgD
Individuals unable to make the C4b would be expected to have frequent infections of the :
Diabetis
Thalassemia
Liver disease
Bacteria
The immunoglobulin class which is the least abundant in the normal adult is :
IgG
IgA
IgD
IgE
Class of immunoglobulins occurs :
Immunizations, going from IgM to IgG
Binds complement
Causes the histamine release
Mediates immunoglobulin class switching
In the alternative pathway of the complement system, the factors below are useful to prevent the generation of C3 convertase :
Factor P
Factor F
C3-BP
C1-INH
To stabilise the C3 convertase of the alternative pathway, the factors below are useful :
C3-BP
Factor F
Factor P
C1-INH
Light chains are:
Specific for each class of antibody
Not specific for each class of antibody
Reactive with antigen
Have only a constant region
The T3 complex of the T-cell receptor :
To transduce a signal to the cell's interior binding to antigen
Binds complement
Causes the histamine
Mediates Immunoglobulin class switching
Which of the following is NOT true of interleukins:
They are cytokines which can be produced by various cells of the immune system.
They are hormones which allow one cell to communicate with another cell.
They are in need of receptors on the target cell in order to mediate their effects.
They are able to bind antigen with a high level of specificity
The following statements are true for Immunoglobins, EXCEPT:
Are antibodies
Five major classes IgM, IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE
All have receptors for complement
Possess both variable and constant regions
The following statements are true for Antibodies:
Are carbohydrates
Are made from alpha and beta chains
Contain no carbohydrate
Contain heavy and light chains
Complement Deficiencies of C5, C6, C7, C8 and C9 can causes :
Susceptibility to pyogenic bacterial infections
Anaphylaxia
Inability to attack the Gram-negative bacteria
Lack of opsonisation
Class II MHC are :
Recognized by the CD4 protein
Used to kill by cytotoxic T-cells
Used to participate in cytotoxic function
Not able to carry an antigen fragment
The functional activity of the T-cell :
Is related with CD4 or CD8 associated polypeptides
Occurs after recognition of an epitope
Can be mediated through cytokines
Is related with CD4 or CD8 associated polypeptides, Occurs after recognition of an epitope, Can be mediated through cytokines
The followings statement are TRUE for Target cell lysis and destruction,EXCEPT :
Cytotoxic T-cells recognizing specific epitopes on the target cell surface
Perforin released from antigen-specific cytotoxic T-cells
Complement binding to IgG and IgM which have bound to epitopes on the target cell
Complement binding to IgE antibodies which have bound to epitopes on the cell surface
The followings statement are TRUE, EXCEPT :
MHC Class 1 bind antigen fragments and are recognized by the Tc-cell receptor
MHC Class I generally occur on all cells of the immune system
MHC Class II bind antigen and are recognized by the T-cell receptor and the CD4
MHC Class II carrying antigen presented to cytotoxic T cells
What distinguishes helper T-cells from cytotoxic T-cells :
Helper cells recognize antigen complexed with MHC class I molecules
Cytotoxic cells recognize antigen complexed with MHC class I molecules
Helper cells recognize antigen complexed with MHC class II molecules
Cytotoxic cells recognize antigen complexed with MHC class I molecules and. Helper cells recognize antigen complexed with MHC class II molecules
Immunoglobulins are chemically:
Glycogens
Glycoproteins
Glycolipids
D. Lipo-proteins
Superantigens presented to T cells by :
APC
B cell
Monocyte
Mast cell
Which of the following binds to an Fc receptor on mast cells and basophils?:
IgA
IgM
IgE
IgG
Which of the following is NOT a structural chain in class I MHC?:
β1
α1
α2
β2 –microglobin
Which of the following statements about leukocyte function is false?:
Leukocytes are involved in the immune response.
Neutrophils engulf damaged cells and pathogens by phagocytosis.
Eosinophils deliver toxic granules to kill parasites. They are also involved in allergic reactions.
Macrophages are phagocytic cells that are involved in the adaptive response.
Immediate hypersensitivity reactions are below, EXCEPT:
If the antigen is an allergen
The consequence of antigen-antibody reactions
Result from histamine release
Phagocytosis
Clinical abnormalities of the Immune system can result from the activities below, EXCEPT:
Bacterial infection
Abnormal lymphocyte proliferation
HIV Infection
T cell secrete cytokine
The function of immune system is to response:
Can be facilitated by antibodies
Mediated the humoral and cellular immune system
Facilitated by T-cells
All answers
Which of the followings are TRUE regarding an Immune response :
The function of the T3 complex is signal to the cell's interior after recognition the antigen
The T8 serves an auxiliary role with MHC class II in cytotoxic reactions
The T4 serves an auxiliary role with MHC class I in helper cell reactions
The T4 secrete antibody
The component of immune system that can cause inflammation is :
Complement
Immunoglobulin
T lymphocytes
Macrophage
The function of MHC class II is:
Recognized by CD4
Recognized by the CD8
Participated in the presentation of Ag
Unable to carry antigen fragment
The function of Natural Killer cell is:
Response to bacteria infection
Damaged the target cell membrane
Response to antibody
Kill pathogen
All of the following are true with respect to IgG antibodies, EXCEPT:
They fix complement
They occur on the surface of B lymphocytes
They are glycoproteins
They mediate allergic reaction
One principal function of complement is not true:
Activate perforins
Mediate the release of histamine
Lyse target cells
Phagocytize antigens
One principal function of the Class I and Class II major histocompatibility complex is to:
Transduce the signal to the T-cell interior
Mediate immunoglobulin class
Help T cell for the recognition Antigen
Stimulate production of interleukins
The major role of the complement C3b is to work in conjunction with:
Antibodies to lyse cells antgen
MHC for cell recognition
Antibodies to opsonize cells
T-cell for production of lymphokines
All of the following are true for IgE molecules, EXCEPT:
They involved in allergic reactions.
They anti-parasitic immune responses.
They can fix complement.
They can cause the release of histamine.
Which of the following immunoglobulin can across placenta with the highest concentration?:
IgG1
IgG2
IgG3
IgG4
All of the following are true about antibodies, EXCEPT:
They fix complement.
They occur on the surface of B-lymphocyte
They are glycoproteins.
They are polypeptide
All of the following are true, EXCEPT:
An epitope is a portion of an antigen
The variable contain the antigen recognition site
IgM antibody is pentamer
IgG antibody is pentavalent
In the alternative pathway of the complement system, the factors below are useful to stabilise the generation of C3 convertase :
Factor P
Factor F
C3-BP
C1-INH
The factor that dissociated the initiation of C1qrs in the classical pathway is:
C3-BP
Factor F
Factor P
C1-INH
The type of an immunoglobulin is determined by:
The variable region
The light chain
The heavy chain
The carbohydrate
Each of the following is a characteristic of antibodies, EXCEPT :
They are proteins with variable and constant regions
They contain carbohydrates
They are only secreted by T-cells
They combine specifically with antigen
The T3 complex of the T-cell receptor:
To transduce a signal to the cell's interior
Binds complement
Causes the histamine
Mediates Immunoglobulin class switching
Which of the following is NOT true of interleukins?:
Produced by cells of the immune system.
Relation between cells of immune system
They have receptors on the target cell.
They bind antigen with a high specificity.
The following statements are true for IgE, EXCEPT:
They produce allergic reaction
The least immunoglobulin in the plasma
They bind to mast cells
Can cross the placental barrier
The following statements are true, EXCEPT:
IgM and IgG can fix complement
IgA is a secretory immunoglobulin
σ� IgE mediates hypersensitivity
IgD provides passive immunity
The following statements are true for Antibodies, EXCEPT:
Non immunogen
Composed of variable and constant regions
Made of heavy and light chains
They have hypervariable region
The following statements are not true for Immunoglobins
They have Fab
Five major classes of immunoglobulin
All have receptors for complement
Possess both variable and constant regions
The following statements are true for Antibodies
Are carbohydrates
Are made from alpha and beta chains
Contain cytoplasmic region
Have variable region
The Biological Effects of C3b is :
Susceptibility to bacterial infections
Anaphylaxia
Phagocyte activation
Lack of opsonisation
The following statement is for MHC Class I:
Recognized by the CD8 protein
Used to kill by cytotoxic T-cells
Participated in helper function
Not able to carry an antigen fragment
The major histocompatibility complex proteins function to:
Degrade T4 and T8 polypeptides
Bind antibody for lymphokine production
Bind complement for cell lysis
Bind antigen for presentation to T-cells
Variable domains are:
Needed to bind complement
Located at the N-terminal of heavy chains
Transported IgG across the placenta
Specific recognition of antigen
The light chains of antibodies are distinguished by:
Their constant specific region
Their variable region domains
Kappa or lambda types
The J-chains that bind to them
Which of these cell types can play a primary role in attacking and killing cancer cells?:
Platelet
Cytotoxic
T cell
Mast cell
The J-chain is :
Made only by epithelial cells
For immunoglobulin multimer formation
For immunoglobulin multimer formation and Facilitates secretion of pentameric lgM
Facilitates secretion of pentameric lgM
The functional activity of the T-cell:
Is related with CD4 or CD8 associated polypeptides
Occurs after recognition of an epitope
Can be mediated through cytokines
All answers
The followings statement are FALSE for Target cell lysis and destruction :
Tc recognizing specific epitopes
Perforin released from Tc
C3b fix to IgG and IgM which have epitopes
C3b fix to IgE which have epitopes
The followings statement are TRUE, EXCEPT:
MHC I bind antigen and recognized by the Tc
MHC I presented on all cells of the immune
MHC II bind antigen and recognized by the Th
MHC II carrying antigen presented to Tc
What distinguishes helper T-cells from cytotoxic T-cells:
Th recognize antigen with MHC I
Tc recognize antigen with MHC I
Th recognize antigen with MHC II
Tc recognize antigen with MHC I and Th recognize antigen with MHC II
Clinical abnormalities of the Immune system can result from the following statement, EXCEPT:
Deficiency diseases
Abnormal lymphocyte proliferation
HIV Infection
T cells proliferation
Which of the following represent immune system dysfunctions:
Severe immunodeficiency
Mast cells release histamine
Facilitated by antibodies
T cells proliferation
The following statement are for adaptive immune response, EXCEPT :
Is mediated by the humoral and cellular of the immun
Can be facilitated by antibodies
Can be facilitated through T-cells
Can be facilitated through macrophage cells
Which of the followings are NOT TRUE regarding an immune response:
The principal function of the T3 complex is signal transduction to the cell's interior
The T8 serves an auxiliary role with MHC class I proteins in cytotoxic reactions
The T4 serves an auxiliary role with MHC class II proteins in helper cell reactions
Lymphokines are produced by T-cells in response to antigen presentation by antibody
Complement deficiencies of C3b can cause:
Overproduction of C2b
Glucose oxidase deficiency
Predisposition to SLE
Bacterial infection
Organ transplantation of human from one place to another is called:
Autograft
Allo-graft
ISO-graft
Xeno-graft
What is the term used to describe white blood cells migrating toward bacteria? :
Zeiosis
Phagocytosis
Chemotaxis
Phototaxis
Name the process a cell such as a neutrophil or a macrophage uses to ingest (eat) its prey.:
Halitosis
Chemotaxis
Botulism
Phagocytosis
What's a specific term for a bacterial or other foreign protein that initiates antibody production by the body?:
Peptide
MHC II molecule
Complement
Antigen
Which of the following bacteriocidal mechanisms is oxygen dependant?:
NADPH oxidation
Defensins
Hydrolytic enzymes
Lactoferrin
Pepsin cleaves what region of immunoglobulin?:
Heavy chain
Light chain
Hinge region
Heavy chain and Light chain
Papain cleaves what region of immunoglobulin?:
Heavy chain
σ� Light chain
Hinge region
Heavy chain and Light chain
Biological properties of C5a are:
Chimotactic activity
Anaphylactic much potent
Attract and activate PMN
All answers
Which of the following components of the innate immune system involves the release of histamine?:
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Macrophage
Tissue mast cell
Which of the following components of the adaptive immune system secretes immunoglobulin (Ig)?:
Activated B cell (plasma cell)
CD4+ activated T cell
CD8+ cytotoxic T cell (CTL)
Resting lymphocytes (B cell, T cell)
The region of immunoglobulin term: Binds to various cellular receptors and to complement:
Fab region
Fc region
Light chain
Heavy chain
Which of the following immunoglobulin is first synthesized in an immune system to response an pathogen?:
IgM
IgA
IgG
IgE
Which of the following statement is related to IgG physiology in humans?:
It is confined to the bloodstream, giving the host protection against blood-borne pathogens.
It can be arranged to resemble a pentamer of five distinct immunoglobulin molecules.
Opsonisation through FcR on macrophages occurs with IgG2 and IgG4.
IgG crosses the placental barrier, and thereby provides passive immunity to the fetus.
Which of the following statements about leukocyte function is false?:
Leukocytes are cells of the immune response.
Neutrophils phagocytose pathogens .
Eosinophils kill parasites.
Eosinophils release histamine .
Microbial Fragment Vaccines is used to prevent the diseases below, EXCEPT:
Polio
Haemophilus influenzae B
Hepatitis B virus
Neisseria meningitides
Clinical abnormalities of the Immune system can result from the activities below:
σ� Neutrophils kill bacteria
Abnormal lymphocyte proliferation
Plasma cells secrete antibody
T cell secrete cytokine
Which of the following is NOT a major feature (characteristic) of the adaptive immune system?:
Specificity
Diversity
Memory
Improvement
The following statement are function of immune system, EXCEPT:
Can be facilitated by antibodies
Mediated the humoral and cellular response
Facilitated by T-cells
Allow pathogen to infect the bod
Which of the followings are TRUE regarding an Immune response:
The T3 complex is signal to the cell's interior to recognize antigen
The T8 support MHC II in cytotoxic reactions
The T4 support MHC class I in helper reactions
The T4 secrete antibody
The component of immune system that can cause fever is :
Complement
Immunoglobulin
T lymphocytes
Macrophage
In a chronic infection of Hepatitis B, the typical serologic course are :
HBsAg
HBcAb
HBsAb
HBsAg and HBcAb
Identity the phagocytic cells that have Toll like Receptor on their membrane:
Macrophage
Eosinophil
Basophil
Neutrophil
The function of MHC class II is:
Recognized by CD4
Recognized by the CD8
Presentation Ag to Th cell
Unable to carry antigen fragment
The function of LGL cell is:
Response to bacteria infection
Respose to tumor cells
Response to antibody
Kill pathogen
The answers below are characteristic of antigen, EXCEPT:
Contain paratopes
Contain epitopes
Are toxin
React with antibody
The following answers are true for IgM antibodies, EXCEPT:
Fix complement
Anti infectious
Cause of allergy
Pentametric form
The following answers are true for phagocytosis, EXCEPT:
Supported by complement
Opsonisation
Ingest pathogen
NK cell
The following activity is indicated T cell cytotoxic:
MHC-II restricted
MHC-I restricted
B cell activation
Epitope presented to CD4
The following statements are true for Antibodies, EXCEPT :
Fc receptor for complement
Extra domain for IgM
Made of heavy and light chains
Receptors for antigens are monovalent
The following statements are true for the antigenic determinant
Is the combining site of an antibody
Is paratope
Small part of the antigen
Is paratope and Small part of the antigen
The basic monomeric Immunoglobulin unit is:
Four polypeptide chains
One of five major classes
Four polypeptide chains and One of five major classes
Synthesized by a T-cell
Which of the following are mechanisms for neutrophil phagocytosis:
Azerophilic granules
Defensins
Hydrolytic enzymes
Azerophilic granules and defensins
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