Neuro Exam 3

What regulates the reproductive system and circadian rhythm?

What is an acute heart failure syndrome brought on by intense psychological or physiological issues? It is due to the overload of what?

The amygdala is in the posterior division of the limbic gyrus

The hypothalamus forms the walls and the floor of the interior portion of what ventricle?

What separates the hypothalamus from the thalamus?

The mammillary bodies form the posterior part of the hypothalamus

What area is for the release of regulatory chemicals from the hypothalamus?

The ____ region of the hypothalamus functions to dissipate heat, while the ___ region funcitons to conserve heat.

Blood supply to the hypothalamus is via what?

Grehlin plays a role in what?

What is the homeostatic temperature set point?

What area is associated with smells and related memories?

What are the 2 main general CNS areas for memory?

The hypothalamus functions as a ____ center

What temporal lobe structure of the hippocampus contains connections to the entorhinal cortex?

What temporal lobe structure of the hippocampus lies close to the amygdala?

What temporal lobe structure of the hippocampus is a transition zone between the dentate gyrus and the hippocampus proper?

Which cortical memory structure is an area of cortex curved around the hippocampus?

Which cortical memory structure drives the body to avoid unpleasant experiences to avoid negative consequences?

What type of memory is associated with non-conscious learning of skills, habits, or acquired behaviors?

The amygdala is a structure in which lobe?

In Alzheimer's diease, where are the amyloid proteins deposited?

Kluver-Bucy syndrome is associated with lesions where?

Wernicke-Korsakoff is caused by severe and sustained deficiency of what?

Ketamine diminishes overal ____ transmission

What adjusts the production and release of melatonin?

The suprachiasmatic nucleus inhibits what during the light phase inhibiting the release of melatonin?

Where are wakefulnesss cells located?

What stabilizes the wakeful state?

REM sleep is associated with ___ waves

Type 1 narcolepsy is associated with extensive loss of hypothalamic neurons that produce what?

Hormones released from the posterior pituitary

Cortisol is released from the

Mineralocorticoid effects:

What causes the Triple Flare of Lewis

What stimulate functional WBC chemotaxis from systemic circulation to the site of injury?

Surgical stress induces a hypernormal increase in what?

Which induction agent is known to suppress adrenocortical function?

Parasympathetic autonomic neurons:

Choose the correct pathway

Parasympathetic postganglionic neurons:

Postganglionic sympathetic neurons release:

PSNS has what kind of outflow?

SNS outflow is via what?

Craniosacral outflow of the PSNS is via what?

What are the killer Bs seens with PSNS excess?

Convergence is when more than one preganglionic sympathetic fibers originate fromt the same preganglionic neuron and synapse on separate postganglionic neurons

What innervates the superior cervical ganglion?

What produce cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves that innervate the thorax?

Where do the cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves originate from?

What do the stellate ganglia innervate?

What are the prevertebral ganglia?

Horner's syndrom is caused from injury/disturbance to what pathway?

What are the MAIN components of the motor system?

Where do motor impulses originate?

What is an alternate route for voluntary muscle control?

The medial tracts control what muscles?

Alpha motor neurons innervate ____ skeletal muscle fibers

What is known as the Striatum?

Most of the basal nuclei communication is inhibitory via what?

Damage to this area is consistently seen in Parkinson's Disease

The NS pathway influences the direct pathway of movement through:

Parkinson's is known as a hyperkinetic disorder

The superior cerebellar peduncles carry ___ transmission while the middle and inferior cerebellar peduncles carry ___ transmission.

The cerebellum is tethered by the ____ and it is inferior to the _____

Which functional division of the cerebellum is known as the vestibulocerebellum and deals with balance and spatial orientation?

Which functional division of the cerebellum is located in the vermis and medial hemisphere?

The only direct access the cerebellum has to SC motor neurons is via what?

Which cerebellum hemisphere is highly involved in planning/programming of skilled movements?

Which part of the cerebellum is highly influental in postural adjustments and some gait functions?

If a patient has questionable bulbar dysfunction what should we as anesthesia providers be concerned about?

What are the principle output neurons of the neocortex?

What area makes up the isocortex?

What fibers arise from contralateral hemispheres?

What are the hemispheric INTERconnections?

What accurately desribes a unimodal association area?

Where is the primary gustatory area?

The primary olfactory area is in the ____ areas

Dominant hemisphere for language

Fluent aphasia is seen with damage to ___ while nonfluent aphasia is seen with damage to ___

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is a portion on the ____ convexity of the frontal lobe and play a critical role in ____

Which hemisphere in the posterior parietal cortex is dominant for spatial recognition?

What is the inability to recognize the identiy of an object when using a given sense that it is damaged?

Which area of the prefrontal cortex plays a role in balancing primitive drives with judgment?

Which accurately describes alexia without agraphia?

What do these structures make up: fiber tracts, mammillary bodies, neurohypophysis, infundibulum, and nuclei?

What do these structures make up: habenula, pineal gland, pretectal structures?

There are no neurons in the pineal gland and only what?

The habenular nuclei in the habenula receive inputs from the ___ of the thalamus with origin in the ___

Output from the habenula is via what?

The thalamus sits atop the ____, bewteen the CC and the ____

The thalamus surrounds what ventricle?

Which functional group of thalamic nuclei contain NO projections to the CC unlike all other areas?

Which thalamic nuclei is correctly matched with its function?

Which part of the internal capsule primarily deals with auditory?

Primary artery to the retrolenticular and and sublenticular parts of the internal capsule

Damage to the Genu from a CVA can lead to what syndrome?

What hypothalamus structure is a bulge between the optic chiasm and mammillary bodies?

___ is the anterior pitutary where ____ cells are located

Which hormone is correctly matched with its function?

Which hormone is correctly matched with its dysfunction?

What is the major output pathway for the amygdala?

What hyperkinetic disorder is "jumping about" and flailing movements of the limbs? Where is the lesion located in this disorder?

What is the intonation, stress, and rhythm in speech referred to as?