Chapter 12

A detailed illustration of the human nervous system, showcasing neurons, synapses, and glial cells in vibrant colors, suitable for educational purposes.

Neuroscience Knowledge Check

Test your understanding of the nervous system with this comprehensive quiz, designed to challenge your knowledge of key concepts and structures. Perfect for students and enthusiasts alike!

With questions covering:

Neural cell functions
Roles of neurotransmitters
Pathways of the nervous system

19 Questions5 MinutesCreated by ThinkingBrain92

Which part of the nervous system performs the higher-order thinking required to complete this practice exam?

Afferent division

Central nervous system

Peripheral nervous system

Autonomic nervous system

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the PNS?

An interneuron within an autonomic ganglion

A ganglion

A sensory receptor

An interneuron within the spinal cord

What is included in the primary functions of the nervous system?

Providing sensation of the internal and external environments

Integrating sensory information

Regulating and controlling peripheral structures and systems

All of the listed responses are correct.

Neurons are responsible for __________.

Information transfer and processing in the nervous system

Creating a three-dimensional framework for the CNS

Controlling the interstitial environment

Performing repairs in damaged neural tissue

What are the two major cell populations of neural tissue?

Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes

Satellite cells and Schwann cells

Neurons and neuroglia

Microglia and ependymal cells

Which of the following CNS glial cells remove debris, wastes, and pathogens by phagocytosis?

Schwann cells

Ependymal cells

Microglia

Astrocytes

The white matter of the CNS represents a region dominated by the presence of __________.

Neuroglia

Oligodendrocytes

Unmyelinated axons

Astrocytes

If resting membrane potential is –70 mV and the threshold is –60 mV, a membrane potential of –62 mV will __________.

Repolarize the membrane to −80 mV

Produce an action potential

Not produce an action potential

Depolarize the membrane to 0 mV

A node along the axon represents an area where __________.

There is an absence of myelin

There is a layer of fat

There is a gap in the cell membrane

There are interwoven layers of myelin and protein

Nerve cell bodies in the PNS are clustered together in masses called __________.

Proprioceptors

Ganglia

Nodes

Neuromodulators

An important neurotransmitter in emotional states and moods is __________.

Acetylcholine

Serotonin

Aspartate

Substance P

The space between neurons at a nerve synapse across which a nerve impulse is transmitted by a neurotransmitter

Synaptic Cleft

Membrane Potential

Upper motor neurons

Lower motor neurons

Sensory neurons are responsible for carrying impulses __________.

Away from the CNS

From the CNS to the PNS

To the PNS

To the CNS

Efferent pathways consist of axons that carry impulses __________.

Toward the CNS

To the spinal cord and into the brain

Away from the CNS

From the PNS to the CNS

Sensory (ascending) pathways distribute information __________.

From peripheral receptors to processing centers in the brain

From motor pathways to interneurons in the CNS

From the central nervous system to the peripheral nervous system

From processing centers in the brain to peripheral receptors

Schwann cells are glial cells responsible for __________.

Secretion of cerebrospinal fluid

Surrounding nerve cell bodies in peripheral ganglia

Producing a myelin around peripheral axons

Phagocytic activities in the neural tissue of the PNS

The main functional difference between the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system is that the activities of the ANS are __________.

Primarily involuntary, or under "automatic" control

Primarily voluntary controlled

Involved with carrying impulses to the CNS

Involved with affecting skeletal muscle activity

What happens when depolarization to threshold occurs?

Sodium channels are inactivated.

Leak channels are activated.

Voltage-gated sodium channels are opened.

Voltage-gated potassium channels open.

Which of the following is the most excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and functions in learning and memory?

Norepinephrine

Anamidine

Glutamate

Dynorphins

Chapter 12

Neuroscience Knowledge Check

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