The Molecular Basis of Inheritance
The Molecular Basis of Inheritance Quiz
Test your knowledge of DNA and its intricate mechanisms with our engaging quiz on the Molecular Basis of Inheritance. This quiz covers essential concepts such as DNA replication, repair, and structure.
Challenge yourself with:
- 20 carefully crafted multiple-choice questions
- Topics ranging from nucleosomes to telomerase
- A chance to reinforce key biological principles
After DNA replication is completed,
A. There are four double helices.
B. Each new DNA double helix consists of two new strands.
C. one DNA double helix consists of two old strands and one DNA double helix consists of two new strands.
D. Each of the four DNA strands consists of some old strand parts and some new strand parts.
E. Each new DNA double helix consists of one old DNA strand and one new DNA strand.
In the nucleosome, the DNA is wrapped around
A. satellite DNA.
B. Polymerase molecules.
C. histones.
D. A thymine dimer.
E. ribosomes.
Which of the following help to hold the DNA strands apart while they are being replicated?
A. exonuclease
B. single-strand binding proteins
C. DNA polymerase
D. ligase
E. primase
Individuals with the disorder xeroderma pigmentosum are hypersensitive to sunlight because their cells have an impaired ability to
A. exchange DNA with other cells.
B. Recombine homologous chromosomes during meiosis.
C. Repair thymine dimers.
D. Undergo mitosis.
E. replicate DNA.
Cytosine makes up 38% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism. Approximately, what percentage of the nucleotides in this sample will be thymine?
A. It cannot be determined from the information provided.
B. 31
C. 24
D. 38
E. 12
How would the shape of a DNA molecules change if adenine paired with guanine and cytosine paired with thymine? The DNA molecule would
A. Be shorter.
B. Have irregular widths along its length.
C. Be circular.
D. Have regions where no base-pairing would occur.
E. Be longer.
A eukaryotic cell lacking active telomerase would
A. Be unable to take up DNA from the surrounding solution.
B. Be unable to connect Okazaki fragments.
C. Experience a gradual reduction of chromosome length with each replication cycle.
D. Be unable to identify and correct mismatched nucleotides.
E. Have a greater potential to become cancerous.
Which of the following people conducted experiments that demonstrated that DNA is the genetic material of bacteriophages?
A. Hershey and Chase
B. Watson and Crick
C. Franklin and Wilkins
D. Griffith
E. McCarty and MacLeod
Synthesis of a new DNA strand usually begins with
A. an Okazaki fragment.
B. an RNA primer.
C. a DNA primer.
D. DNA ligase.
E. A thymine dimer.
The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis
A. Occurs in the 3' to 5' direction.
B. produces Okazaki fragments.
C. Depends on the action of DNA polymerase.
D. Progresses away from the replication fork.
E. Does not require a template strand.
What is the function of topoisomerase?
A. Unwinding of the DNA helix
B. Elongation of new DNA at a replication fork by addition of nucleotides to the existing chain
C. Relieving strain in the DNA ahead of the replication fork
D. Stabilizing single-stranded DNA at the replication fork
E. The addition of methyl groups to bases of DNA
What is the basis for the difference in how the leading and lagging strands of DNA molecules are synthesized?
A. Helicases and single-strand binding proteins (SSBPs) work at the 5' end.
B. DNA polymerase can join new nucleotides only to the 3' end of the growing strand.
C. The origins of replication occur only at the 5' end.
D. DNA ligase works only in the 3' to 5' direction.
E. Polymerase can work on only one strand at a time.
In analyzing the number of different bases in a DNA sample, which result would be consistent with base-pairing rules?
A. A=C
B. A=G
C. G=T
D. A + T=G+T
E. A + G=C+T
Why is the new DNA strand complementary to the 3' to 5' strands assembled in short segments?
A. DNA polymerase can assemble DNA only in the 3' to 5' direction
B. The replication forks block the formation of longer strands
C. DNA polymerase can assemble DNA only in the 5' to 3' direction
D. It is more efficient than assembling complete new stands
E. Only short DNA sequences can extend off the RNA primers
The spontaneous loss of amino groups from adenine in DNA results in hypoxanthine, an uncommon base, opposite thymine. What combination of proteins could repair such damage?
A. DNA ligase, replication fork proteins, adenylyl cyclase
B. nuclease, telomerase, primase
C. nuclease, DNA polymerase, DNA ligase
D. telomerase, helicase, single-stranded binding protein (SSBP)
E. telomerase, primase, DNA polymerase
Which enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a DNA strand in the 5' to 3' direction?
A. DNA ligase
B. primase
C. helicase
D. topoisomerase
E. DNA polymerase
A biochemist isolate, purifies, and combines in a test tube a variety of molecules needed for DNA replication. When she adds some DNA to the mixture, replication occurs, but each DNA molecules consists of a normal strand paired with numerous segments of DNA a few hundred nucleotides long. What has she probably left out of the mixture?
A. DNA polymerase.
B. mucleotides.
C. primase.
D. Okazaki fragments.
E. DNA ligase.
In a nucleotide, the nitrogenous base is attached to the sugar's ___________ carbon and the phosphate group is attached to the sugar's __________ carbon.
A. 1'; 2'
B. 2'; 3'
C. 1'; 5'
D. 1'; 3'
E. 2'; 1'
Multiple origins of replication on the DNA molecules of eukaryotic cells serve to
A. Remove errors in DNA replication.
B. Reduce the number of "bubbles" that occur in the DNA molecule during replication.
C. Create multiple copies of the DNA molecule at the same time.
D. Assure the correct orientation of the two strands in the newly growing double helix.
E. Shorten the time necessary for DNA replication.
In his work with pneumonia-causing bacteria and mice, Griffith found that
A. Some substance from pathogenic cells was transferred to nonpathogenic cells, making them pathogenic.
B. Bacteriophages injected DNA into bacteria.
C. heat-killed pathogenic cells caused pneumonia.
D. The polysaccharide coat of bacteria caused pneumonia.
E. A protein coat from pathogenic cells was able to transform nonpathogenic cells.
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