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Topic 4 - 5

Are the things that appear to us in this world.
Reality
Phenomenon
They are the objects we try to figure out.
Reality
Phenomenon
The state of things as they actually exist.
Reality
Phenomenon
Situation that is observed to exist or happen.
Reality
Phenomenon
The object of a person's perception
Reality
Phenomenon
What the senses or the mind notice.
Reality
Phenomenon
Observation through experiments and calculations are the data used to arrive at conclusion.
Science
Philosophy
Specific phenomenon to be understood is isolated to yield valuable information.
Science
Philosophy
Narrows its analysis in order to know something.
Science
Philosophy
Uses phenomenon or raw experience to form the basis for truth.
Science
Philosophy
Phenomenon is studied, not by isolating it from others but by examining the relaions it has with other phenomena.
Science
Philosophy
Broadens its analysis to arrive at wisdom and truth.
Science
Philosophy
Sense experience is the ultimate starting point for all our knowledge.
Empiricists
Rationalists
The ultimate starting point for all knowledge is not the senses but reason.
Empiricists
Rationalists
Rationalism functions on three key principles that work to find the truth.
True
False
Is the application of concrete principles to draw a conclusion.
Deduction
Innate ideas
Reason
Logic
Is the concept that we're born with fundamental truths or experiences left over from another life that we're born with.
Deduction
Innate ideas
Reason
Logic
Uses logic to determine a conclusion.
Deduction
Innate ideas
Reason
Logic
Can use multiple methods to determine the truth, and the emphasis is on finding the truth, not on the method.
Deduction
Innate ideas
Reason
Logic
States that experimentation and sensory experience is the major source of knowledge.
Empiricism
Rationalism
Regards reasons and logic as the main source of knowledge.
Empiricism
Rationalism
They believe in the reasoning behind things and reality, believe logic and reason will explain the world’s reality. Believe that they are independent of sensory experience.
Empiricism
Rationalism
believe that experience, and memory develops the person and his morals, They also believe that evidence, any kind of proof which is found by experiment, can reveal the world’s reality, rather than some reason and logic.
Empiricism
Rationalism
Rationalism and Empiricism are used under the term epistemology, which is a branch of philosophy concerned with knowledge.
True
False
A branch of philosophy concerned with knowledge. (starts with e logy)
These ideas are either simple or complex and make use of the five senses (touch, taste, smell, sound and sight). Simple ideas are those that use only one of the five senses to establish perception.
. Sense experience
Innate ideas (EMP)
Induction
- Empiricists reject the notion of _____. A popular term associated with this came from John Locke, who believed that the mind was a blank slate or tabula rasa.
. Sense experience
Innate ideas (EMP)
Induction
is the most crucial principle to empiricism, similar to how crucial reason is to rationalists, is the belief that very little can be proven conclusively, especially without experience
. Sense experience
Innate ideas (EMP)
Induction
An example of Induction is - . Since there is no one in the forest to experience the sound of a tree falling, then it can't be determined as truth that it makes a sound.
True
False
A personal claim, belief, or a personal stance on a particular subject matter. ( starts with O )
Has objective content and is well-supported by the available evidence.
statement of fact
Statement of opinion
Opinion
Is one whose content is either subjective or not well supported by the available evidence.
statement of fact
Statement of opinion
Opinion
Refers to what a person thinks about something but is lacking evidence.
statement of fact
Statement of opinion
Opinion
We must note that not all those who claim that they are telling the truth are revealing the truth.
True
False
Is neither an opinion nor a fact. It is universal, undisputed, verified through facts, and even transcendent, beyond a reasonable doubt. (starts with T )
Truth does not change; an opinion, however, usually changes through time.
True
False
The truth will always be true no matter what a person thinks and speak.
True
False
The truth remains, no matter how convincing an opinion is.
True
False
Facts, information, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education.
Knowledge
Opinion
Episteme in Greek
Knowledge
Opinion
A view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge.
Knowledge
Opinion
Doxa in Greek
Knowledge
Opinion
Branch of Philosophy concerned with the theory of knowledge. Studies the nature of knowledge, justification, and the rationality of belief. Devoted specifically to the problem of knowledge (starts with e -- logy)
Not Every person has a set of beliefs or opinions.
True
False
Every person is entitled to his or her opinion.
True
False
We expect people to respect our beliefs.
True
False
Opinions would not count as knowledge unless they pass a test of verification or confirmation
True
False
______ beings are held responsible for their thoughts in the same way that they are for their actions. (starts with r --- nal)
This dialectic is instrumental in drawing out assumptions, inconsistencies and citing
Plato's Dialogue
Socrates's Dialogue
Aristotle's Dialogue
€� is a type of reasoning developed by Aristotle. ( Starts with S )
Gets more specific
Major Premise
Minor Premise
A very general statement
Major Premise
Minor Premise
Father of Modern Philosophy.
Rene Descartes
Moncyril Mendoza
Socrates
Aristotle
- means cannot be doubted; patently evident or certain; unquestionable.
Indubitability
Syllogism
Plato’s Dialogue
Clear and distinct ideas alone can become the foundation of all knowledge.
True
False
Statements that are false, doubtful or uncertain can be used as basis for knowledge.
True
False
Is a statement about an actual thing that exists and can be proven true or false, observed, or measured.
Facts
Opinions
Is a statement about an attitude or personal belief, It cannot be proven or certain.
Facts
Opinions
Philosophy is concerned with determining truth since it lies at the heart of any inquiry.
True
False
Are statements that are observed to the real of truthful.
Facts
Claims
Are statements that require further examination to determine their truthfulness.
Facts
Claims
Are comprised of statements which not only give facts but also provide conclusions or perspectives regarding certain situations.
Opinions
Arguments
Philosophy
Are a series of statements that provide reasons to convince the reader or listener that a claim or opinion is truthful.
Opinions
Arguments
Philosophy
Can help us examine various views on relevant issues in our lives.
Opinions
Arguments
Philosophy
Opinions are often influenced by bias.
True
False
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