BUILDING UTILITIES

Caused by moving electric charges called electrons. The faster the charges move, the more electrical energy they carry.

The basic building block of all matter and chemistry

Is a charged atom or molecule

Materials with high electron mobility are called

Materials with low electron mobility are called

electricity that we use is a _______ energy source because it is produced by converting primary sources of energy such as coal, natural gas, nuclear energy, solar energy, and wind energy into electrical power.

Energy in the form that it is first accounted for in a statistical energy balance, before any transformation to secondary or tertiary forms of energy

Electricity is also referred to as an energy _____

Refers to the flow of electricity in an electronic circuit, and to the amount of electricity flowing through a circuit.

ELECTRIC CURRENT is measured in

The larger the value in amperes, the more electricity is flowing in the circuit.

Particles called electrons come together, and the number of electrons flowing each second is the current.

The force that counteracts the flow of current. Opposition to motion

The pressure from an electrical circuit's power source that pushes charged electrons (current) through a conducting loop. The force motivating charge carriers to “flow” in a circuit.

This continuous movement of electric charge through the conductors of a circuit. Often referred to as “flow.”

(Symbol : I)

(Symbol : V)

(Symbol : R)

VOLTS =

AMPERE =

OHMS =

The amount of work needed to move a unit charge from a reference point to a specific point against an electric field.

All materials resist current flow to some degree

The lower the resistance, the higher the current flow

The higher the resistance, the lower the current flow

Current is directly proportional to voltage.

Current is inversely proportional to resistance.

Increasing the current will increase the voltage.

Includes a device that gives energy to the charged particles constituting the current, such as a battery or a generator; devices that use current, such as lamps, electric motors, or computers; and the connecting wires or transmission lines.

Carries current that flows only in one direction.

Carries current that pulsates back and forth many times each second, as in most household circuits.

Is the product of Voltage and Current.(AC ELECTRICITY)

Is the product of Voltage and Current. (DC ELECTRICITY)

To convert volt-ampere to watts or power, a_________) is introduced.

Comprises a path along which the whole current flows through each component.

Comprises of branches so that the current divides and only part of it flows through any branch.

This is the standard arrangement for house wiring connections wherein the lights constitute one parallel grouping and the convenience wall outlets constitute the second parallel grouping

Any resistor or load (device with a resistance) in a series acts like a speed bump in a series slowing current down. Since there is only one conductive path in series every device adds to total resistance.

There is only one path in a series circuit for current to travel on. All current must run from the positive terminal to the negative terminal of the power source.

Since electrons are free in a conductor the entire region in light red in the picture share the free electrons equally.

Serves as a physical shield of the wire against heat, water, and other elements of nature.

Are pieces of metal that transport electricity

Consist of a metal core and are thicker, providing lesser surface area for dissipation, making them perfect for longer runs. Also, their single-core nature makes it much simpler to manufacture them, making the production costs much lower, thus making solid wires more affordable.

These wires are thus ideal for outdoor use where more durability and higher currents are required. They are also great for carrying high currents throughout a building infrastructure and vehicle controls.

Consist of several thin wires twisted into a bundle, which are compressed and insulated with non-conductive materials.

Because of the construction, these wires never split or sever. Moreover, these wires are flexible, making them ideal for connecting electronic components in cramped spaces, or for twisting and bending it to fit into intricate geometries. They are thus best used in circuit boards, electronic devices, and speaker wires.

An insulated stranded wire is called

Outer sheath that protects the wire or cable core from mechanical, moisture and chemical issues. Jackets

Coating that is extruded or taped onto bare wire to separate conductors from each other electrically and physically.

Compounds can be heated, then shaped and cooled to maintain their desired shape.

A conductor or group of conductors for transmitting electric power or telecommunication signals from one place to another. (Larger than wires.)

As defined by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) is a prefabricated electrical distribution system consisting of bus bars in a protective enclosure, including straight lengths, fittings, devices and accessories.

This type of conduit is ideal for wiring that has to turn or curve and is good for areas that have a lot of vibration because it keeps wires safe even with movement. However, this is not a good option for a corrosive environment.

In which electrical wires are housed for a variety of building or structural applications. Conduit protects wires as well as any individuals who may come into close proximity to the wires.

Has the thickest walls of all electrical conduit and is the heaviest. GRC is regarded by electricians for its superior corrosion resistance, and it protects wiring from electromagnetic interference (EMI). GRC can be used in outdoor or indoor applications and can be exposed, concealed and buried.

Known for its extreme flexibility, ENT can be field bent by hand without requiring any special tools or the application of heat. It is not approved for use in exposed locations but is commonly used inside walls or within concrete blocks. This conduit is flame retardant but not fire-rated

Made from coated steel or aluminum and is a more economical and thinner-walled option than other conduit. This conduit type doesn’t offer the same protection as rigid metal conduit but is lighter and can be paired with conduit fittings, eliminating the need for threading. EMT can also be bent to shape using a special tool to fit around obstructions or follow the shape of the installation.

The most popular type of non-metallic conduit and has several advantages

Designed for use in environments where moisture could become an issue. This type of conduit must be used in conjunction with liquid-tight fittings.

A type of a rigid conduit rated for outdoor exposure and is intended for protecting insulated electrical cables and conductors. It offers much of the same protection of rigid metal conduit but is a more economical option for projects where cost is an issue.

An enclosed channel that forms a physical pathway for electrical wiring.

Are mechanical support systems that provide a rigid structural system for electrical cables, raceways, and insulated conductors used for electric power distribution, control, signal instrumentation, and communication

Or conductors, conduct electricity and are made from aluminum or copper and vary in size

Such as elbows, offsets, and tees help to properly route busway from one electrical connection or termination

Is made of a combination of air, epoxy, and mylar and separates the conductors from each other to prevent electrical faults

An aluminum or steel enclosure that contains the busbars

transports electricity and connects to electrical gear such as switchgear, panelboards and transformers.

A fabricated assembly of insulated conductors enclosed in flexible metal sheath.

A factory assembled cable of one or more conductors, each individually insulated and enclosed in a metallic sheath of interlocking tape, or a smooth or corrugated tube.

A factory assembly of one or more conductors insulated with a highly compressed refractory mineral insulation and enclosed in liquid-tight and gas-tight continuous copper sheath.

A factory assembly of two or more insulated conductors having a moisture-resistant outer sheath, flame-retardant, and non-metallic material.

Factory assembly of two or mAore insulated conductors in an extruded core or moistureresistant and flame-retardant material,

This type of cable is a moisture-resistant cable used for underground, including direct burial in the ground, as feeder or branch circuit.

A single conductor or multiconductor assembly provided with or without an overall covering, primarily used for service wires.

This is a factory assembly of two or more insulated conductors with or without associated bare or covered grounding under a metallic sheath

Is an assembly of parallel conductors formed integrally with an insulating material web designed specifically for field installation in metal surface raceway

It consists of three or more flat conductors placed edge to edge, separated and enclosed within an insulating assembly. This used for general purpose, appliance branch circuits and for individual branch circuits specifically on hard, smooth, continuous floor surfaces and the like.

Is a single or multi-conductor solid dielectric insulated cable rated 2,001 volts or higher and is used for power systems up to 35,000 volts.

An electrical box that gives access to pull electrical cables through non-metallic or metallic raceways and conduit.

Conduit enters and leaves on opposite sides of the box. The depth of a box for a straight pull is determined by the size of the largest conduit and by space required by locknuts and bushings.

This pull box must have a height of 18” and a width of 20”. For the angle pull, the distance between the entry and exit is 18” (six times the conduit dimension, which is 3”).

Are plastic or metal electrical boxes utilized as housing for cable connections. They allow for easy wire access because you only need to unfasten the covering to perform modifications, additions, or repairs to a conduit.

Typically, a rectangular, open-faced box mounted in a wall. It serves to house an electrical device, such as an electrical receptacle or switch or a GFI (ground fault interrupter). Electrical wiring, such as a flexible cable and wiring through rigid conduit, is routed into the utility box via openings in the box walls. The wiring is connected to the electrical device in the box

Gives access to pull electrical cable

Holds electrical receptacle, outlets or switches