Lecture Final pt 2

An educational illustration showing muscle contraction and cardiovascular system diagram, with elements like muscle fibers, blood vessels, and heart anatomy in a clear, colorful style.

Muscle Physiology and Cardiovascular Quiz

Test your knowledge on essential concepts of muscle physiology and cardiovascular function with our comprehensive quiz. Designed for students and educators alike, this quiz covers critical topics in human biology.

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40 multiple-choice questions
Instant feedback for each question
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40 Questions10 MinutesCreated by FlexingBrain47

________ is the backup energy molecule that can be rapidly converted to ATP in active skeletal muscle.

Phosphocreatine

Glucose

Fatty Acid

Protein

As ATP binds to the myosin head at the beginning of a muscle contraction cycle, the myosin head immediately

initiates binding with actin.

Detaches from actin

Tightens its bond to actin.

As blood vessel length increases

flow decreases only.

Resistance increases and flow decreases.

Resistance increases only.

friction decreases only.

Compared to skeletal muscle, contraction of smooth muscle cells is

Only sustained without fatigue

only a slower response to a stimulus

A slower response to a stimulus and sustained without fatigue.

only controlled by the somatic nervous system

During the plateau phase of cardiac action potential, Ca++ channels close and fast K+ channels open.

True

False

During the plateau phase of the action potentials of myocardial contractile cells, which ion(s) is/are crossing the membrane?

Na+ only

Both Ca2+ and K+

Ca2+ only

K+ only

In order for high force crossbridges to form in contracting skeletal muscle, calcium must

Bind to troponin which moves the tropomyosin.

Phosphorylate the tropomyosin which moves it.

Bind to calmodulin to phosphorylate the myosin.

Bind to tropomyosin which moves the troponin.

The AV node is important because it

Delays the transmission of the electrical impulses to the ventricles in order for the atria to finish contracting.

Directs electrical impulses from the ventricles to the atria.

Serves as the pacemaker in a normal heart.

The QRS complex of an ECG corresponds to

the progressive wave of ventricular depolarization.

the repolarization of the ventricles.

None of the answers are correct.

The depolarization of the atria.

The action potential traveling along the t-tubule is detected by the

Dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor (L-type calcium channel).

acetylcholine receptor.

Ryanodine receptor.

The function of transverse tubules is to

Store Ca2+ ions inside the muscle fiber.

Conduct ATP molecules out of the mitochondria throughout the sarcoplasm

rapidly conduct action potentials to the interior of the muscle fiber.

Ensure a supply of glycogen throughout the muscle sarcoplasm.

The relaxation of skeletal muscle relies on the activity of the ________, which decreases cytoplasmic calcium concentration.

Acetylcholine receptor

None of the answers is correct

Ca2+ ATPase

Ryanodine receptor

When a skeletal muscle generates enough force during contraction to shorten,

Only the I band will shorten.

The sarcomere and the I band will shorten

Only the sarcomere will shorten.

Only the A band will shorten

Which parameter is associated with increased resistance?

Reduced flow

Reduced friction

Decreased viscosity

Increased blood vessel diameter

Z-disc serves as the attachment site for the thin filaments and mark the boundaries for one sarcomere

True

False

________ is composed of multiple globular molecules polymerized to form long chains or filaments.

Actin

Troponin

Tropomyosin

Myosin

Bile is

Produced by the gallbladder only.

Produced by hepatocytes and the gallbladder

Released into the stomach only.

Produced by hepatocytes only.

Cysts on the kidney can press upon nephrons, raising the pressure inside the nephrons. How will this affect glomerular filtration rate and blood pressure?

GFR decreases and blood pressure decreases

GFR increases and blood pressure decreases

GFR decreases and blood pressure increases

GFR increases and blood pressure increases

In normal kidneys, blood cells and plasma proteins are

Not filtered.

Secreted then reabsorbed.

Filtered then reabsorbed

Filtered and secreted.

In the digestive system, HCl is released by ________, whereas HCO3- is secreted primarily from the ________.

Parietal cells of the stomach, pancreas

The liver, parietal cells of the stomach

Parietal cells of the stomach, liver

The pancreas, parietal cells of the stomach

Place the following blood vessels that carry blood to and within the kidney in the order in which blood passes through them. 1. Afferent arteriole 2. Efferent arteriole 3. glomerulus 4. Peritubular capillary

1, 3, 2, 4

4, 3, 2, 1

1, 2, 3, 4

4, 2, 3, 1

The force for glomerular filtration is the

ATP-dependent processes in the nephron.

Blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries.

Fluid pressure produced by the displacement of the fluid in the lumen of the tubules.

Osmotic pressure in the glomerular capillaries

The hormone that directly controls water reabsorption by the kidneys is

Epinephrine

ANP

Aldosterone

Vasopressin

The primary function of the proximal tubule is

Filtration

Secretion of acids and ammonia.

Reabsorption of ions, organic molecules, and water.

Secretion of drugs.

Urea is

Actively reabsorbed in the proximal tubule.

Actively transported into the filtrate by the cells of the collecting duct.

Actively secreted

passively reabsorbed in the proximal tubule

When a body is dehydrated, water in the urinary bladder

Can be returned to the circulation directly.

Will still be expelled from the body in the urine.

Can be returned to the circulation after moving back into the kidneys.

When the plasma concentration of a substance exceeds its renal concentration, more of the substance will be

Filtered

Excreted

Reabsorbed

None of the answers are correct

Which of the following concerning the hormone atrial natriuretic peptide is FALSE?

Increases aldosterone secretion

Reduces blood pressure

Suppresses vasopressin secretion

Promotes sodium loss at the kidneys

Lecture Final pt 2

Muscle Physiology and Cardiovascular Quiz

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