Perspectove
What perspective projection systems are there?
Inclined picture plane and vertical picture plane
Only Inclined picture plane
Only vertical picture plane
What are the characteristics of vertical picture plane?
The picture plane is inclined at an angle greater than or less than 90 degrees to the ground plane
The picture plane is parallel to the ground plane
The picture plane coincides with the ground plane
The picture plane is perpendicular to the ground plane
In which situation, the perspective of the inclined picture plane is used?
When the observer looks straight, the axis of the cone of vision is parallel to the ground
When the observer looks up, the axis of the cone of vision looks upwards.
When the observer looks down, the axis of the cone of vision looks downwards
Both cases when the observer looks up or down, the axis of the cone of vision looks upwards or downwards.
System of perspective projection is constructed from which projection below ?
Parallel projection
Parallel projection
Perspective projection
All of them
According to the cone of vision, the best observation amplitude of the viewer is:
15 to 30 degrees
30 to 60 degrees
45 to 60 degrees
0 to 180 degrees
In which situation the perspective of vertical picture plane is used:
When the observer looks straight, the axis of the cone of vision is parallel to the ground
When the observer looks up, the axis of the cone of vision looks upwards
When the observer looks down, the axis of the cone of vision looks downwards
Both options b and c
What is the characteristic of the inclined picture plane?
The picture plane is parallel to the ground plane
The picture plane coincides with the ground plane
The picture plane is perpendicular to the ground plane
The picture plane is not perpendicular to the ground plane
When drawing shadows, how many light sources are there?
Two types: Sun and light bulb
Three types: Sun, light bulb, moon
Four types: Sun, moon, indoor light bulb, outdoor light bulb
How does the position of the central visual ray compare to the picture plane?
The central visual ray is parallel to the picture plane
The central visual ray is inclined to the picture plane
The central visual ray is on the picture plane
The central visual ray is perpendicular to the picture plane
What is the central visual ray?
A ray of light from a light source to the picture plane
The axis of the cone of vision
A line from viewer's eyes to an object
A ray of light from a light source to an object
According to the perspective of vertical picture plane, perspective of a square which parallel to the picture plane is a:
Rectangle
Trapezoid
Parallelogram
Square
Determine the line of eye level in the following picture, (see picture 3)
Eye level at position a
Eye level at position b
Eye level at position c
Eye level at position d
What is an ground plane?
A horizontal plane that passes through the eye of the observer
A vertical plane on which objects need to represent perspective projection are placed
A horizontal plane on which objects need to represent perspective projection are placed
Is the vertical picture plane passing through the eye of the observer
In the perspective of vertical picture plane, the distance from the horizon line to the bottom of the picture plane is determined:
By the distance from the point of view to the picture plane
By the distance from the point of view to the object
By the distance from the point of view to the ground plane
On the picture plane, what is the position of the horizon line compared to the bottom of the picture plane
Parallel to the bottom of the picture plane
Perpendicular to the bottom of the picture plane
Inclined less than 90 degrees from the bottom line of the picture plane
Coincides with the bottom of the picture plane
In the perspective of vertical picture plane, what is the perspective projection of a circle parallel to the picture plane?
Ellipse
Any curve
Parabolic
Circle
What is the horizon line ?
Is the perspective of the endless line of the ground plane
Is the perspective of the line parallel to the picture plane
Is the intersection of the ground plane with the picture plane
Is the perspective of the line parallel to the ground plane
What is the characteristic of perspective projection of two lines that are parallel but not parallel to the picture plane ?
There is a common vanishing point
There are two vanishing points
There are countless vanishing points
There is no convergence
Where is the vanishing point of the perspective projection of the lines that parallel to the picture plane?
The vanishing point is on the horizon line
The vanishing point is at the bottom of the picture plane
No vanishing point (vanishing point is extremely far away)
Any vanishing point on the picture plane
What is the perspective projection of the circle (not parallel to the picture plane)?
Is the circle
Is the ellipse
Is any curve
In the perspective of inclined picture plane, the perspective projection of the lines perpendicular to the ground plane has any of the following properties:
There is a common vanishing point
There are two vanishing points
There are countless vanishing points
There is no convergence
What is the horizontal plane through eyes?
The plane passing through the eye of the observer and parallel to the picture plane
The plane passing through the eye of the observer and perpendicular to the bottom of the picture plane
The plane passing through the observer's eye and parallel to the ground plane
The plane passing through the eye of the observer and perpendicular to the central visual ray
Choose the type(s) of light, depending on its source
Pattern of parallel light rays
Radial pattern
Both two of them
Light generally is of two types, depending on its source. One type produces a pattern of parallel light rays, the other a radial pattern. Is is right or wrong ?
Right
Wrong
How many types of light, depending on its source ?
2
3
4
Cones lying on their sides have center lines inclinded to the planes on which they rest. This sentence is right or wrong ? (picture 115)
Right
Wrong
When drawing a cylinder, its center line must always be drawn as an extension of the related ellipse’s minor axis. This sentence is right or wrong ?
Right
Wrong
Circle appears as a perfect circle only when they are parallel to observer’s face (picture plane). When they aren’t parallel to picture plane, they are ellipses. This statement is true or false ?
True
Flase
How many steps are there to draw three-point perspective ?
5
4
3
6
How many steps are there to draw two-point perspective ?
6
5
4
3
How many steps are there to draw one-point perspective ?
6
5
4
3
Determine the location of the vanishing points of the ice-cream vendor’s wagon and the pushcart in this picture (picture 114)
On the horizontal vanishing lines
On the vertical vanishing lines
On the horizon line
The sidewalk, street, crub, baby carriage, auto and line of intersection between sidewalk and houses, are all inclined upwards. Therefore, they converge to a point on the eye level (horizon line). Is it right or wrong? (picture 114)
Right
Wrong
Looking at this picture. The building lines, the windows, the brick couring, and the steps, are all horizontal. Please determine the location of the vanishing point of these lines. (picture 114)
There is no vanishing point
Below the horizon line (eye level)
Over the horizon line (eye level)
On the horizon line (eye level)
�The vanishing point for parallel lines on an inclined plane is always directly above or below the vanishing point those lines would have if they were pivoted to a horizontal position”. This statement is right or wrong ?
Right
Wrong
Any design or pattern can be reproduced in perspective by means of…….. That locates its important points.
A grid
Lines
Measuring lines
We can subdivide equal surfaces by…….. (see picture 113)
Lines
Diagonals
Measuring lines
B and C are correct
We can subdivide equal surfaces by diagonals. Is this right or wrong ? (picture 113)
Right
Wrong
Many symmetrical patterns can be drawn accurately and quickly by using……….in this manner. (see picture 112)
Diagonals
Lines
Measuring lines
Look at this picture (picture 108). If we want to divide a surface like this into equal spaces, what should we use ?
Vanishing point of diagonals method
Use a measuring line and a special vanishing point
Measuring line method
The sliding ruler and diagonals method
What kind of methods that we can use to determine depths and widths of room interiors
Vanishing point of diagonals method
Measuring line method
The sliding ruler and diagonals method
What kind of methods that we can use to draw a floor as shown in this picture (picture 110)
Vanishing point of diagonals method
Measuring line method
The sliding ruler and diagonals method
What kind of methods that we can use to draw equal-sized but unequally-spaced elements ?
Vanishing point of diagonals method
Measuring line method
The sliding ruler and diagonals method
In order to locate a midpoint quickly and accurately, what should we use?
Horizontal lines
Diagonals
Vertical lines
The similarly-sized objects to the left or right can be drawn simply by translating to left or right the width of the guide lines at the point desired”. This statement is right or wrong ?
Right
Wrong
�The similarly-sized elements above or below are drawn by translating to left or right the width of the guide lines at the point desired.”. This statement is right or wrong ?
Right
Wrong
With which the similarly-sized elements above or below are drawn ?
Means of width guide lines that converge to a point on the horizon line
Translating to left or right the width of the guide lines at the point desired.
The aid of vertical guide lines constructed at the appropriate points along the the width guide lines.
By which the similarly-sized objects to the left or right can be drawn simply ?
By means of width guide lines that converge to a point on the horizon line
By translating to left or right the width of the guide lines at the point desired.
By the aid of vertical guide lines constructed at the appropriate points along the the width guide lines.
By which the widths of equal-sized objects which diminish in perspective can be found ?
By means of width guide lines that converge to a point on the horizon line
By translating to left or right the width of the guide lines at the point desired.
By the aid of vertical guide lines constructed at the appropriate points along the the width guide lines.
�The widths of equal-sized objects which diminish in perspective can be found by means of width guide lines that converge to a point on the horizon line”. Is it true of false ?
False
True
No infomation
What should you do if too much distortion appears in one of your drawings ?
Show only the undistorted center area (which means you’re respecting a realistic cone of vision)
Either spread the vanishing points apart (which means you have “stepped back” from the subject until that subject appears within the cone of vision)
All are correct
In which case observer has stepped back and sees more with his fixed cone of vision ?
Overlapping
Distortion
Diminution
�Placing vanishing points further apart eliminates distortion at edges of drawing. It means observer has stepped back and sees more with his fixed cone of vision”. Is it right or wrong ?
Right
Wrong
Placing vanishing points further apart eliminates distortion at edges of drawing. To manipulate this in real-world viewing conditions, what does the observer have to do?
Step back and sees more with his fixed cone of vision
Stay in place and do not need to move
Step forward, closer to the object being observed.
(see picture 106) Look at this picture. Things drawn in here are seen by looking straight out, looking up or looking down
Things typically are seen at eye level (straight out)
Things typically are seen by looking up
Things typically are seen by looking down
(see picture 105) Look at this picture. Are things drawn in here seen by looking straight out, looking up or looking down
Things typically seen at eye level (straight out)
Things typically seen by looking up
Things typically seen by looking down
(see picture 104) Look at this picture. Are things drawn in here seen by looking straight out, looking up or looking down ?
Things typically are seen at eye level (straight out)
Things typically are seen by looking up
Things typically are seen by looking down
In which case, IN THE PICTURE, the eye level (horizon line) is close to the top ?
The observer is looking straight out and the center line of sight is also at the eye level.
The observer is looking straight out and the center line of sight is also at the eye level.
The observer is looking down and the center line of sight is lower than the eye level.
None of them is correct
In which case, IN THE PICTURE, the eye level (horizon line) is close to the bottom ?
The observer is looking straight out and the center line of sight is also at the eye level.
The observer is looking up and the center line of sight is higher than the eye level.
The observer is looking down and the center line of sight is lower than the eye level.
None of them is correct
In which case, IN THE PICTURE, the eye level (horizon line) is midway between top and bottom ?
The observer is looking straight out and the center line of sight is also at the eye level.
The observer is looking up and the center line of sight is higher than the eye level.
The observer is looking down and the center line of sight is lower than the eye level.
None of them is correct
In which case, in the position of the observer, the center line of sight appears at the eye level plane ?
The observer is looking up
The observer is looking down
The observer is straight out
In which case, in the position of the observer, the center line of sight is below the eye level plane ?
The observer is looking up
The observer is looking down
The observer is straight out
In which case, in the position of the observer, the center line of sight is above the eye level plane (horizon line) ?
The observer is looking up
The observer is looking down
The observer is straight out
A clue that provides visual perspective of an object’s size and placement in its relationship to other objects, as shown in this picture (see picture 116)
Size and variation
Foreshortening
Overlap
Diminution
In perspective drawings this is, in some cases, placed between the observer and the object:
Vanishing point / horizon
Station point
Ground line
Plane of projection / picture plane
A reflection is a reversed tracing of the thing reflected.
Correct
Incorrect
The reflected line must be equal in length to the actual one and perpendicular to reflection plane.
Correct
Incorrect
Choose the best statement.
The reflection is the partner of the inverse object
The reflection is the partner of the inverse object and has the same vanishing points as the object itself
The reflection has the same vanishing points as the object itself
All of them are correct
What is the vanishing point of the straight lines?
The perspective of the midpoint of a line
The perspective of the endless point of the line
The perspective of any point on a straight line
The intersection of the straight line and the picture plane
In the perspective of vertical picture plane, where is the convergence of lines that are perpendicular to the picture plane?
The vanishing point is at the bottom of the picture plane
The vanishing point is on the horizon line
The vanishing point is at the intersection of the central visual ray and the picture plane
The vanishing point is in the middle of the picture plane
Given a point of view W and a line AB, how do we find the vanishing point of the line AB?
From the point of view W, draws the line parallel to the ground plane, cutting the picture plane where it is the vanishing point of AB
From the point of view W ,draws the line parallel to AB, cutting the picture plane where it is the vanishing point of AB
From the point of view W, draws the line parallel to the picture plane, cutting the ground plane where it is the vanishing point of AB
From the point of view W, draws the line which is perpendicular to the picture plane, cutting the picture plane where it is the vanishing point of AB
What is the shadow of a line on a picture plane?
Is a circle
Is an ellipse
Is a straight line
In the perspective of inclined picture plane with a top-down view, where is the vanishing point of the lines which are perpendicular to the ground plane?
Located above the horizon line
Located on the horizon line
Located below the horizon line
Located at the bottom of the picture plane
In the perspective of a vertical picture plane, what is the perspective of a square parallel to the ground plane and as tall as the eye level ?
Square
Trapezoid or quadrilateral
A Straight line
Parallelogram
Which visual law relates to perspective projection ?
The farther the distance from the object to the observer is, the smaller the object is
The further away the object becomes, the more faint and unclear it will be
The human eye has the ability to self-regulate to focus on seeing an object more clearly
All above
Choose the right concept.
The picture plane is always perpendicular to the central visual ray
The horizon line is the horizontal straight line of the ground plane
The vanishing point is always on the eye level
The horizon line is not a line of eye level or a vanishing line
Lines that are parallel to the ground plane have the vanishing points at:
Bottom line of the picture plane
Horizon line
Central visual ray
None of them
When the picture plane and central visual ray are perpendicular to the ground plane, we have:
One-point perspective
Two-point perspective
Three-point perspective
None of them is correct
When the picture plane is vertical, all lines which in reality are perpendicular to Ground Plane will converge toward……….
A vanishing point
An endless vanishing point
Two vanishing points
Any vanishing point
When Picture Plane is inclined, all lines which in reality are perpendicular to Ground Plane will converge toward……..
A vanishing point
An endless vanishing point
Two vanishing points
Any vanishing point
The horizontal plane passing through the point of vision is called:
The picture plane
Plane of the eye level
The ground plane
The projection plane
What are the key elements for a perspective projection system?
Point of vision, the ground plane, the picture plane
Plane of the eye level, the horizon line, eyes of observer
The vanishing point, the ground plane, the picture plane
All of them
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