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ISA QUIZ part 1

The ideal soil ratio for solids to pore space is:

20:80

35:65

40:60

50:50

What is the correct scientific name for the oak tree genus?

Quercus

Pyrus

Larix

Acer

Which of the following is not one of the five major categories of soil horizons?

Loam is least composed of what soil classification?

Sand

Silt

Clay

Loam is composed of all soils evenly

What is the difference in magnitude of acidity between a PH level reading of 4 vs. a PH reading of 7?

100

1000

What is not a detrimental impact on tree growth from compaction?

Restricted root growth

Reduction of water availability

Increasing organic material

Restricting air movement

Field capacity is achieved after the draining of which of the following?

Gravitational water

Capillary water

Micropore water

Compacted drainage

What best defines the permanent wilting point soil moisture condition?

Water is present in macro and micropores

The condition present immediately after the removal of gravitational water

Water is held by soil but unavailable to plants such that they can’t recover

No water present in soil

What soil below most likely has the lowest infiltration rate?

Loose sand

Compacted sand

Loose clay

Compacted clay

What major soil horizon category is not included in the zone designated as topsoil?

What soil type is most easily compacted?

Sand

Clay

Silt

Bedrock

What is not a tree characteristic which helps to prevent the loss of water?

Increased leaf surface area

Deep root systems

Leaf hairs

Waxy outer leaf layer

What irrigation system type provides water slowly to specific areas of the tree root zone?

Drip irrigation

High-pressure injection

Basin irrigation

Soaker hose

Trees help to control stormwater runoff by all of the following means except:

Trees hold water on bark and leaves

Roots intercept and retain runoff

Fallen leaves create a layer of absorption on the ground

All of the above

What is not an advantage of the use of mulching?

Improve infiltration

Promote deep root system

Reduce soil evaporation

Limit weed competition

What is the minimum slope for drainage pipes placed above an impervious layer?

1/16” per ft

1/8” per ft

1/4” per ft

1/2” per ft

The main function of a rain garden is which of the following?

Collect and hold stormwater runoff

Increase water infiltration

Distribute runoff to dry areas

Facilitate deep root systems

What macronutrient most often has the largest requirement for the health of trees?

Iron

Sulfur

Potassium

Nitrogen

What essential element is more readily available in an acidic environment than alkaline?

Iron

Calcium

Sulfur

Potassium

Nitrogen is present in soil mostly due to which of the following?

Water

Organic matter

Clay

Sand

A 25-lb bag of fertilizer has a 10-6-4 analysis. How many pounds of potassium are in the bag?

2.5

Required fertilizer distribution rates for quick release are ______________ than for that of slow-release.

Greater

Less

Equal

No relationship

What project factor listed below has a detrimental effect on the surface application of fertilizer?

Constrained time

Inexperienced workers

Surface runoff

Shallow root structure

What element can be classified as a micronutrient?

Magnesium

Calcium

Iron

Sulfur

What method of fertilizer application may result in the development of thick patches of grass in spots surrounding the tree?

Liquid injection

Surface application

Foliar application

Implants

What characteristic is used to differentiate between vascular plant classifications?

Roots

Leaves

Seeds

Skin

Of the options listed below which has the broadest level of taxonomic hierarchy?

Genus

Order

Class

Family

What characteristic below is used to differentiate between a simple leaf and a compound leaf?

Number of buds

Length of petiole

Shape of leaflet

Number of leaflets

What major group of conifers is defined by needles borne in clusters?

Pine

Spruce

Fir

Juniper

What leaf margin type is characterized by having a smooth edge?

Entire

Serrate

Serrulate

Dentate

What characteristic below is associated with dicots rather than monocots?

Parallel leaf veins

Floral parts usually in multiples of four or five

Fibrous root system

One cotyledon

A tree is to be planted close to a newly built retaining wall for beautification. What habit is most likely appropriate for the selection of the tree.

Pyramidal

Upright

Weeping

Spread

Hardiness refers to a plant’s ability to survive which of the following?

Drought

Low temperatures

Impact

Shade

What tree can be identified as having palmately compound leaves?

Buckeye

Ash

Ailanthus

Walnut

What statement is true below regarding deciduous trees?

Allows light in the summer and allows light in the winteR

Allows light in the summer and blocks light in the winter

Blocks light in the summer and allows light in the winter

Blocks light in the summer and blocks light in the winter

What USDA hardiness zone has an average annual extreme minimum temperature of -60 to -50 degrees Fahrenheit?

What is the minimum distance from the edge of a planting hole to any buried utility?

6”

12”

18”

24”

What tree species listed below is best suited for heavy shade?

English oak

Willow

Gingko

American elm

What tree species listed below is the most likely to be tolerant to storm damage?

American elm

Cottonwood

Live oak

Willow

The first part of a tree’s scientific name indicates which of the following?

Family

Order

Genus

Common name

Sweating is a pre-planting procedure often required for which of the following nursery stock types?

Bare root

Containerized

Container grown

Balled and bur lapped

When is it acceptable to plant a nursery stock tree without removal of the root protection?

Biodegradable container

Synthetic burlap

Biodegradable burlap

Wire basket burlap

What is the minimum number of primary roots that must be buried 1 to 3 inches below the soil surface when transferring nursery stock?

During tree installation, it is determined that there are 2 inches of soil over the structural roots. The root ball is measured to be 14 inches deep. How deep should the planting hole be?

How far above ground shall tree caliper be measured for trees less than 4 inches in diameter?

What is not a recommended course of action for a newly transplanted tree?

Increased watering

Mulching

Guying

Fertilizer

What situation may be advantageous for a transplant to occur during winter?

Smaller trees in colder climates

Large trees in temperate climates

Smaller trees in temperate climates

What is a potential disadvantage of the use of a tree wrap?

Protection against sunscald

Holds in moisture

Prevents against drying

Provides proper airflow

What is the most appropriate approach to the amount of pruning to be completed for newly planted trees?

Only limbs that are broken or damaged

Up to 1/3 of branches on a regular basis

At least half of branches on a periodic basis

Pruning is not recommended for younger plantings

Eye screws used to install guy wires on larger trees may be left in place in which of the following situations?

If not able to be removed with the guy wires

Only a maximum of two eye screws may be left in place

Must be left in place

Must always be removed

What term below is universally acknowledged in standards as denoting a mandatory requirement?

Ought to

May

Should

Shall

What personal protective equipment is specifically required only for the use of chainsaws?

Hard hat

Protective face shield

Heavy work boots

Leg chaps

What is the preferred retreat path for a felling tree operation?

45-degrees off the opposite fell path

45-degrees off the fell path

90-degrees off the opposite fell path

90-degrees off the fell path

What level of contact is acceptable when working near electrical lines?

Direct

Indirect

Direct with electrified lines only

No level of contact is acceptable

According to OSHA standards, what is the minimum working clearance to any overhead lines if the voltage is less than 50 kV?

5’

10’

15’

25’

What class of rubber Insulating Protective Equipment (IPE) is rated for use of an AC voltage up to 36 kV?

What portion of a chainsaw will potentially cause a kickback if contacted by an object?

Lower portion of base

Upper portion of base

Lower portion of tip

Upper portion of tip

What is the minimum hinge angular dimension for properly felling a tree?

45*

60*

70*

90*

What is a disadvantage of 3-strand type rope?

Cost

Ability to run through a pully

Ability to elongate

Tendency to twist

What safety factor is typically used for arborist rigging?

What hazard is a specific concern related to the removal of palm trees?

Wet ground

Reduced sunlight

Sloughing

Brittle failure

What is the first step in urgent care procedures?

Begin CPR if necessary

Assess the safety of the surroundings

Check for a pulse

Check for breathing

A tree that splits during a backcut in an upward direction is which of the following?

Hinge cut

Humboldt notch

Internal fault

Barber chair

What is the most commonly appropriate length of a hinge?

50% of the tree diameter

80% of the tree diameter

10% of the tree height

100% of the tree diameter

The correct location for a backcut on a conventional notch shall be:

Even with the apex of the notch

Above the apex of the notc

Below the apex of the notch

Even with the top of the notch

A rope has a tensile limit of 15,000 lbs. What is the working load limit for a safety factor of 10?

1,500 lbs.

5,000 lbs.

7,800 lbs.

10,000 lbs.

What knot type is not commonly used as a climbing hitch?

Tautline

Figure 8

Blake’s hitch

All of the above

Which of the following is a false statement regarding the use of snaps for securing the climbing line?

Snaps are not permitted in all countries

May be self-closing or assisted closing

Must be compatible with the D-ring specific to the attachment

Required to have double closing action

What is the minimum required tensile strength in the United States for carabiners?

1,000 lbs.

2,500 lbs.

5,000 lbs.

10,000 lbs.

What rope type has the highest amount of elongation when loaded?

Polypropylene

Polyester

HMPE

LCP

What rope type has a core that can share the load with the outer cover?

3-strand

Double braids

12-strand

16-strand

What statement below is true regarding the relationship between the magnitude of loading and a rope’s fatigue life?

A higher load decreases the number of cycles to failure

A higher load increases the number of cycles to failure

The number of cycles to failure is a fixed number regardless of load magnitude

The number of cycles to failure may decrease but not increase due to load magnitude

What knot type is commonly used for securing equipment to a tree?

Timber hitch

Sheet bend

Prusik hitch

Tautline hitch

What climbing technique uses a Prusik loop to increase safety?

) Footlocking

Body-thrust

Single rope technique

Mechanical ascending devices

What climbing equipment is permitted only for use on trees which are to be removed?

Climbing line

Spurs

Ladders

Mechanical ascending devices

What is the minimum recommended main branch diameter for a tie-off point?

2”

3”

4”

6”

What rigging technique has a high anticipated shock-loading?

Butt-hitching

Running bowline

Through natural crotch

Use of a drop zone

The most common recommended cut type for the removal of limbs is which of the following?

Snap cut

Drop cut

Hinge cut

Vertical cut

When making a snap cut, the second cut is located:

Opposite and even with the first cut

At the base of the limb

Opposite and below the first cut

Opposite and above the first cut

For a rope that is ¾” in diameter, what is the minimum recommended pully diameter?

1”

2”

3”

6”

Carabiners shall not be loaded in which of the following orientations?

Sideways

Against the gate

Along the minor axis

All of the above

What type of meristems produce cells which increase the diameter of the tree?

Primary

Secondary

Residual

Pith

What species of tree listed below is not classified as ring porous?

Oak

Elm

Ash

Maple

What tissue produced by the cambium is closer to the outer portion of the tree?

Phloem

Cork cells

Xylem

Cortex

What is not one of the main functions of the xylem?

Storage of carbohydrates

Support of the tree’s self-weight

Defense against disease and decay

Moving of carbohydrates

The dominant bud which is most active on the branch or twig is called:

Lateral

Axillary

Terminal

Adventitious

What type of tree will form an abscission zone as necessary?

Evergreen

Deciduous

Palm

None of the above

Vertical roots formed to increase the anchorage of the system are known as:

Tap root

Root crown

Sinker root

Lateral root

What element is released as a part of the process of photosynthesis?

H2O

CO2

According to the Shigo CODIT model, what wall of defense is not included in the reaction zone?

Biologically, palms are similar to which of the following?

Grass

Flowers

Animals

Oak

At what depth in the soil are the majority of the roots for palm trees?

1 to 6 inches

6 to 12 inches

12 to 18 inches

18 to 24 inches

The preferred location of a thinning pruning cut in general is:

To the inside of the branch collar

To the outside of the branch collar

Halfway between the collar and tip

At the branch bark ridge

What is not a common characteristic of codominant stems?

No branch bark ridge

No branch protection zone

No presence of included bark

No branch collar

A tree is damaged heavily in a storm and only a few branches are remaining. What is most likely the appropriate pruning cut to try to save the tree?A tree is damaged heavily in a storm and only a few branches are remaining. What is most likely the appropriate pruning cut to try to save the tree?

Reduction

Heading

Three-cut

Thinning

What is not a detrimental effect as a result of topping?

Shock

Slowed new growth

Weakened limbs

Increased chance for disease

What is not an advantage of structural pruning?

Decreased chance of codominant stems

Removal of defects

Less maintenance

Reduced equipment

When selecting the permanent branch which of the following parameters shall apply?When selecting the permanent branch which of the following parameters shall apply?

It shall be the lowest branch

It shall be selected based on tree function

It shall be less than half the diameter of the trunk

All of the above

What is the maximum recommended percentage of removal for a canopy per year?

10%

25%

35%

50%

What component of a branch attachment has the ability to chemically prevent the spread of decay?

Branch collar

Branch bark

Stem

Branch protection zone

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