BGP

What is the primary purpose of BGP in a network?

Route packets within an Autonomous System (AS)

Exchange routing information between different Autonomous Systems

Route multicast traffic

Provide IP address assignments

Which BGP attribute is used to prevent routing loops within an AS?

AS-Path

Next-Hop

MED

Local Preference

How does BGP prevent the advertisement of the same route back to the originating AS?

Using the MED attribute

Through the use of the AS-Path attribute

By setting a higher Local Preference

Using the Next-Hop attribute

In BGP, what does the term "neighbor" refer to?

Another router in the same AS

A router to which BGP has established a peering session

Any device directly connected to a router

A router using the same BGP router ID

Which attribute is considered first when determining the best path in BGP?

AS-Path

Weight

Local Preference

Origin

What is the default administrative distance of eBGP routes?

110

200

What is the significance of the BGP "Next-Hop" attribute?

It indicates the next router in the path to the destination network.

It shows the first router within the AS.

It determines the exit point of the AS.

It defines the router ID.

Which BGP message type is used to establish a peering session?

Update

Keepalive

Notification

Open

What does the BGP "local preference" attribute influence?

Path selection between multiple paths within the same AS

Path selection between different AS

Determines the best path based on the origin type

Influences the AS-Path selection

When a BGP router receives multiple routes to the same destination, which route does it prefer by default?

The route with the shortest AS-Path

The route with the highest MED

The route with the lowest local preference

The route with the highest origin code

What is the primary function of the BGP MED (Multi-Exit Discriminator) attribute?

Influence the preferred path to exit an AS

Select the best route within an AS

Influence the preferred path to enter an AS

Determine the shortest path to the destination

Which BGP state is the initial state where a BGP session starts?

Active

OpenConfirm

Idle

Established

What happens if a BGP router does not receive a keepalive message from a neighbor within the hold time?

The BGP session transitions to the Active state

The BGP session is terminated

The BGP session resets

The BGP router sends an Update message

Which command is used to view the BGP table on a Cisco router?

Show ip route bgp

Show ip bgp

Show bgp neighbors

Show ip protocols

How does BGP handle the announcement of routes within a single AS?

Using iBGP

Using eBGP

Using RIP

Using OSPF

What is the purpose of the BGP "route reflector"?

To increase the redundancy of BGP routes

To reduce the number of BGP sessions in a full mesh topology

To synchronize BGP tables

To prevent routing loops in iBGP

Which of the following is true about BGP route reflectors?

They require a full mesh of iBGP peers.

They reduce the number of iBGP peering sessions.

They increase the size of the routing table.

They are only used in eBGP configurations.

What does the BGP "synchronization" rule state?

BGP routes should be synchronized across all routers.

BGP should synchronize its table with the neighboring router.

BGP should not advertise a route until it has been learned via IGP.

BGP should synchronize routes with the AS.

Which BGP attribute is used to select the preferred path when multiple paths are available?

MED

Weight

Local Preference

AS-Path

What is a potential problem if the BGP next-hop is not reachable?

BGP session will reset

The route will not be installed in the BGP table

The route will not be advertised to peers

The BGP router will use an alternate path

In a BGP route reflector configuration, what is a "client"?

A router that is part of a full mesh iBGP topology

A router that peers with the route reflector and does not need a full mesh

A router that only peers with eBGP neighbors

A router that receives routes from eBGP neighbors

Which BGP attribute is unique to Cisco and influences the path selection process?

MED

Weight

Local Preference

Origin

Which BGP state indicates that a BGP session has been successfully established?

Active

OpenConfirm

Idle

Established

What is the main function of the BGP "Update" message?

To establish a BGP session

To keep the BGP session alive

To advertise new routes and withdraw old ones

To terminate a BGP session

What is a possible reason for a BGP session to be stuck in the "Idle" state?

Incorrect BGP neighbor IP address

Route reflector misconfiguration

High CPU utilization

Unreachable next-hop

How often are BGP keepalive messages sent by default?

Every 30 seconds

Every 60 seconds

Every 10 seconds

Every 180 seconds

Which command is used to view BGP neighbor relationships on a Cisco router?

Show ip bgp neighbors

Show ip route

Show ip protocols

Show ip bgp summary

What happens when a BGP router receives an Update message with a route that has its own AS number in the AS-Path?

It accepts the route and installs it in the BGP table

It rejects the route to prevent routing loops

It modifies the AS-Path and accepts the route

It forwards the Update message to the next BGP neighbor

What is the function of the BGP "hold time" timer?

To determine how long a BGP router waits before sending keepalive messages

To specify the maximum amount of time that can pass without receiving a keepalive or update message

To delay the establishment of a BGP session

To synchronize BGP updates between peers

Which of the following best describes a BGP "autonomous system"?

A group of routers under a single administrative domain

A single router within a network

A collection of networks under multiple administrative domains

A peer group of BGP neighbors

What is the purpose of the BGP "Next-Hop-Self" command?

To advertise the next hop IP address of the neighbor

To set the next hop attribute to the IP address of the local router

To change the AS-Path of the route

To reset the BGP session with a neighbor

Which command is used to clear a BGP session on a Cisco router?

Reset ip bgp

Reload bgp

Clear ip bgp

Shutdown bgp

What is the effect of the BGP "weight" attribute?

It is used to prevent routing loops

It affects all routers in the AS

It modifies the next-hop attribute

It influences outbound route selection on a single router

Which BGP attribute is mandatory and well-known?

MED

Local Preference

AS-Path

Weight

What is the primary use of the BGP "aggregate-address" command?

To summarize multiple routes into a single advertisement

To redistribute routes between BGP and IGP

To advertise multiple AS-Paths

To set the local preference of routes

How does a BGP route reflector handle routes learned from non-client peers?

It does not reflect routes learned from non-client peers

It reflects the routes to all peers

It reflects the routes only to client peers

It reflects the routes to route reflector clients and other non-client peers

What is the purpose of the "BGP Confederation" feature?

To aggregate multiple routes into a single advertisement

To synchronize BGP tables

To establish BGP sessions with external peers

To divide an AS into smaller, more manageable sub-AS

Which of the following is a primary reason to use BGP route aggregation?

To prevent routing loops

To prioritize certain routes

To increase the number of routes advertised

To reduce the size of the routing table

What is the purpose of the "AS-Path prepending" technique in BGP?

To modify the next-hop attribute

To remove AS numbers from the AS-Path

To make a route less preferred by adding additional AS numbers

To increase the local preference of a route

Which BGP message type indicates an error condition?

Open

Notification

Update

Keepalive

What does the "BGP split-horizon" rule state for route reflectors?

Routes learned from non-client peers should be reflected to all peers

Routes should only be advertised if they are learned via IGP

Routes learned from a client should not be reflected back to the same client

Routes should not be advertised if the next hop is unreachable

What is the default hold time value for BGP on Cisco routers?

60 seconds

180 seconds

90 seconds

120 seconds

Which command is used to filter BGP routes based on the AS-Path attribute?

Ip bgp access-list

Bgp route-map

Ip prefix-list

Ip as-path access-list

Which of the following BGP states indicates that a BGP router has sent an open message and is waiting for a response?

OpenSent

Active

Connect

Idle

What is the primary reason for using the "soft reconfiguration" feature in BGP?

To allow for route refresh without tearing down the BGP session

To reset the BGP session

To clear the BGP routing table

To update the BGP router ID

What is the main benefit of using BGP confederations?

To simplify the management of large BGP tables

To reduce the number of iBGP sessions needed within an AS

To prevent routing loops in eBGP

To prioritize certain routes over others

What is the effect of setting the "next-hop-self" command on a BGP router?

The router advertises the next-hop IP address of the remote peer.

The router modifies the AS-Path attribute.

The router sets itself as the next hop for routes advertised to its neighbors.

The router resets the BGP session with the neighbor.

In BGP, what is the primary use of the "community" attribute?

To set the local preference of routes

To determine the next hop of routes

To prevent routing loops

To group routes for applying routing policies

Which command is used to configure a BGP router ID?

Router bgp router-id

Bgp router-id

Router-id

Bgp id

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