PERIO MIDTERMS

Most common periodontal disease

This amount of attachment loss per year is considered physiologic in nature

The most reliable diagnostic aid to determine pocket depth is

When assessing tooth mobility, a Grade of 3 indicates:

Which of the following needs to be evident in order to make a diagnosis of periodontitis?

The oral sulcular epithelium is described as:

Merely inflammation of gingiva; it is stable, reversible and confined to that area.

Loss of attachment; periodontal fibers and bone are already affected. Irreversible.

Management of Gingivitis

Management of Periodontitis

Soft, adherent, structural deposits that accumulate on teeth and other surfaces of the mouth, which consists of continually growing bacterial flora in an inter microbial matrix.

Rapidly liquefied by bacterial enzymes and mechanical action of lips, cheeks, and tongue

Accumulation of tissue cells and bacteria without an organized structure. May be easily removed

Gram Staining was developed by ___________

Why ask the patient to brush their teeth 3 times a day?

Plaque doubling time is rapid in early development and slower in more mature films.

Can coaggregate very well with other types of bacteria

As bacteria grow, they produce an extracellular matrix from carbohydrate sources.

Energy Source

Skeleton or matrix

Metabolism of P. Gingivalis

Plaque that can be found above the gingival margin

Cocci still present in large numbers; preponderance of rods and filaments; varying numbers of fusobacteria

What is the cause of Periodontal Disease? (Check the most possible answers)

Also called “the attachment apparatus” or “the supporting tissues of the teeth.”

The oral mucosa consists of three zones:

Mucogingival line is present in palatal area only

Also known as Unattached gingiva, Free gingiva

The shallow crevice or space around the tooth bounded by the surface of the tooth on one side and the epithelium lining the free margin of the gingiva on the other.

The so-called probing depth of a clinically normal gingival sulcus in humans is _________.

Can be pyramidal or have a “col” shape

Area of gingival epithelium that faces the oral cavity

Area of gingival epithelium that faces the tooth without being in contact with the tooth surface

Area of gingival epithelium that provides contact between the gingiva and the tooth

Lined by keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium

Also known as stratum germinativum, considered as the progenitor cell compartment of the epithelium.

Presence of large number of desmosomes indicating that the cohesion between the epithelial cells is solid.

Electron dense keratohyalin bodies and clusters of glycogen- containing granules start to occur.

Flattened nucleus, seems like cell is dying

The entire apparatus for protein synthesis is lost. (nucleus,mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus)

Composed of type IV collagen

Most prominent cell in oral epithelium

Antigen presenting cells for lymphocytes

Identified as tactile perceptors

Synthesis of melanin pigment

Base of the pocket, lacks stratum granulosum and stratum corneum.

Predominant connective tissue cell

Host defense mechanism

Granulocytes

Most essential component of the periodontium

Located near the blood vessels

Found in outer fibrous layer of the periosteum

Located in the apical region - scarce in the gingiva but numerous in the periodontal ligament

Encircles neck of root, maintains position of free gingiva

Embedded in the cementum and projects out/towards the free gingiva.

Embedded in the cementum and projects towards the periosteum of alveolar bone

Embedded in the cementum of approximating teeth

Contains antibodies, immunoglobulins, plasma cells, and PMNs.

Which has cementum to cementum attachment?

Prevents extrusion of the tooth and resists lateral tooth movement.

Most numerous and largest group in the periodontal ligament.

Terminal portions of the principal fibers that insert into cementum and bone.

Sharpey’s fibers in the alveolar bone is thicker than in cementum

Primary cementum, found in coronal 2/3 of the root

Secondary cementum, found in apical 1/3 of root and in the furcations

Parts of the maxilla and the mandible that form and support the sockets of the teeth.

Bone forming cells

Giant cells specialized in the breakdown of mineralized matrix

When the bone at the coronal portion of the root is missing.

An area of denuded bone, surrounded by an intact bone

Does not reveal the true picture of attachment

Position of the probe

Vertical bone loss in various forms

Proliferating pocket epithelium, remnant of junctional epithelium persistent

Displacement of the soft tissue margin apical from the CEJ and exposure of the root surface.

Measured from CEJ to the base of the pocket. Evaluates amount of periodontal ligament lost in the disease

Over 2mm faciolingual tooth movement with vertical mobility

The following are limitations of parameters except one:

0%, no bacteria present, no inflammation present in the area.

Smoking is a risk and modifying factor