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Biology Exam

Another name for the binomial naming species.
Define Taxonomy
Name one place in your body that you would find cilia.
Respiratory tract
Ear
Microvilli increases a cells _____ _____
What is lactose?
Sugar that you find in milk
 
What is the powerhouse of the cell?
Photosynthesis and cell respiration are _______ _______
Complimentary reactions
 
What is lactase?
What are the factors that influence enzyme activity?
PH, temperature, and inhibitors
 
Chloroplasts are green because they contain the pigment ________.
Define denature
Unfold
 
How does temperature affect enzyme activity?
What are chloroplasts?
Organelles found in cells that perform photosynthesis
 
How do inhibitors affect enzyme activity?
What is the end results of photosynthesis?
Water + glucose + O2
 
The Calvin Cycle takes place in the _______.
Names of prokaryotes.
Bacteria and Archaea
 
Electrons are _______ in an ionic bond.
What starts the process if cell respiration?
Glucose + water + O2
 
Aerobic respiration occurs in the _______.
What are the 3 main pigments that determine leaf color?
Chlorophyll, carotenoids, anthocyanin
 
Define chemistry.
______ atoms have full valence shells and are chemically inactive.
Inert
 
Define radioisotopes.
What is a hypotonic solution?
There is more water on the outside of the cell then in the inside of the cell
 
What are the 3 main cellular regions?
What is the end result of cell respiration?
CO2 + water + ATP
 
What is facilitated diffusion?
If oxygen is not available, the process ends with _________.
Fermentation
 
Aerobic respiration requires _______.
Anaerobic respiration is also known as _______.
Glycolysis
 
Anaerobic respiration occurs in the _______.
In anaerobic respiration, no ______ is present.
What do catalysts do?
Lower the activation energy needed for the reaction to happen
 
_________ protect against free radicals.
What are free radicals?
What does anabolism do?
What does catabolism do?
What is metabolism?
What is a hypertonic solution?
What is an isotonic solution?
______ is packaged inside the mitochondria.
What are the 3 parts of the cytoplasm?
Cytosol, organelles, inclusions
 
What is the role of Gap Junctions?
What is the role of Desmosomes?
Proteins are made up of 20 ______.
What starts the process of photosynthesis?
Nucleic Acids are made up of ______.
In covalent bonds, electrons are _____ so that each atom is able to fill its valence shell at least part of the time.
Atoms with unfilled valence shells participate in ______ in order to fill their shells by gaining , losing, or sharing electrons.
The outermost electron shell is called the ______.
Bonds are ______ _______ that involve interactions between the ______ of the reacting atoms.
Define isotopes.
Atomic number
Number of protons in an atom
 
Atomic Mass Number
Define matter.
Characteristics of Living Organisms
What is the Calvin Cycle?
Names of Eukaryotes
Protista, Animalia, Plantae, Fungi
 
King Philip Can Order Five Green Salads
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
 
The _____ of an enzyme and a substrate determines whether they will interact.
Shape
 
_______ fats are liquid at room temp. Because of the kinked configuration to their fatty acid chains.
Unsaturated
 
Carbon14 is an example of a ______ and is used in carbon dating.
Radioisotope
 
Viruses are alive. (t) (f)
False
 
A hypothesis is a question. (t) (f)
False
 
What is the control center of the cell?
Nucleus
 
What are the two stages of photosynthesis?
Light reactions ; Calvin Cycle
 
Plant chloroplasts have two interlinked ______ that work in tandem.
Photosystems
 
How does pH affect enzyme activity?
It can affect the shape of an enzyme and determines optimum pH
 
Why are viruses not considered living organisms?
Aren't composed of cells; don't reproduce using DNA' don't maintain homeostasis
 
_______ is located on the leaves/ open and close to allow carbon dioxide in and oxygen outside.
Stomata
 
What are the different types of Membrane Junctions?
Tight junction; desmosomes; gap junctions
 
What is the plasma membrane composed of?
Phospholipids; cholesterols; proteins
 
What are the 3 important parts of the Nucleus?
Nuclear envelope; nucleolus; chromatin
 
What does the nucleus do?
It is the control center and it contains the genes (DNA)
 
What is the role of a tight junction?
They bind cells together to make leak-proof sheets
 
_____ _____ synthesizes sugars from carbon dioxide and water.
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