NREMT Prep Test 1

Which of the following processes occurs during inhalation?

A 60-year-old woman presents with acute respiratory distress. She is conscious and alert, but restless. Her respiratory rate is 26 breaths/min with adequate chest expansion, her breath sounds are clear to auscultation bilaterally, and her oxygen saturation is 84%. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate treatment for this patient?

Which of the following airway sounds indicates a lower airway obstruction?

Medications such as albuterol (Ventolin) relieve respiratory distress by:

To obtain the MOST reliable assessment of a patient's tidal volume, you should:

A 69-year-old man reports dyspnea that began 2 days ago and has gotten worse. Which of the following assessments would give you the MOST information regarding the possible cause of his dyspnea?

You are ventilating an apneic adult with a bag-mask device and high-flow oxygen. Her pulse rate is 130 beats/min, and she has cyanosis to her face and chest. Which of the following is the MOST reliable indicator of adequately performed ventilations in this patient?

You are performing abdominal thrusts on a 19-year-old man with a severe airway obstruction when he becomes unresponsive. After lowering him to the ground and placing him in a supine position, you should:

A 33-year-old woman with a history of asthma presents with acute respiratory distress. She is conscious and alert, but anxious. She took two puffs of her albuterol inhaler without relief. Her oxygen saturation is 88% and you hear diffuse wheezing while auscultating her lungs. What should you do?

The MOST appropriate treatment for a semiconscious patient with slow, shallow respirations includes:

During your initial attempt to ventilate an unresponsive apneic patient, you meet resistance and do not see the patient's chest rise. You should:

Which of the following is MOST indicative of a primary cardiac problem?

A 50-year-old man presents with crushing chest pain that suddenly began about 30 minutes ago. He is diaphoretic and anxious. The EMT should:

By which of the following mechanisms does nitroglycerin relieve cardiac-related chest pain or discomfort?

Which of the following patients would MOST likely present with vague or unusual symptoms of an acute myocardial infarction?

Which of the following questions would be MOST appropriate to ask when assessing a patient with chest pain?

Aspirin may be contraindicated in patients with:

Use of the automated external defibrillator is contraindicated in patients who:

Which of the following describes the MOST appropriate method of performing chest compressions on an adult patient in cardiac arrest?

The EMT is treating a man with chest pain and has assisted him with his nitroglycerin. Which of the following should the EMT anticipate during reassessment of this patient?

Chest compression effectiveness is MOST effectively assessed by:

A patient who is experiencing an acute myocardial infarction:

After delivering one shock with the AED and performing 2 minutes of CPR on a woman in cardiac arrest, you reanalyze her cardiac rhythm and receive a no shock advised message. This means that:

Aspirin is beneficial to patients experiencing an acute coronary syndrome because it:

After administering nitroglycerin to a patient with chest discomfort, it is MOST important for you to:

A 49-year-old woman presents with a headache, nausea, and ringing in her ears. She is conscious and alert and states that she has hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Her BP is 202/114 mm Hg, her pulse is 60 beats/min, and her respirations are 16 breaths/min. What should you do?

A patient whose artificial pacemaker has failed would MOST likely experience:

A 50-year-old man with a history of hypertension began experiencing chest pressure while mowing his lawn. After taking a baby aspirin and resting for approximately 10 minutes, the pressure in his chest completely resolved. Which of the following would BEST explain this?

A 44-year-old man reports dizziness and light-headedness. His BP is 88/62 mm Hg; his heart rate is 190 beats/min and weak; and his skin is cool, clammy, and pale. Which of the following would BEST explain why his BP is low?

Which of the following clinical presentations is MOST consistent with right heart failure?

Shortly after assisting a 60-year-old woman with her second nitroglycerin treatment, she tells you that she is lightheaded and feels as if she is going to faint. Her symptoms are MOST likely due to:

Prior to being reoxygenated in the lungs, blood passes through the:

During your assessment of a 70-year-old man with crushing chest pain, you note that his blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg. Your MOST important action should be to:

Because of the property of automaticity, cardiac muscle cells are able to:

A 50-year-old woman who is conscious and alert complains of a severe migraine headache. When caring for her, you should generally avoid:

A 50-year-old man reports severe pain to both upper abdominal quadrants. He states that the pain moves to his back and that he is nauseated and has been running a fever. His wife advises that he does not take care of himself and that he drinks a lot of alcohol. What should you suspect?

Which of the following mechanisms cause respiratory and circulatory collapse during anaphylactic shock?

A woman with type 1 diabetes presents with deep, rapid breathing; tachycardia, dehydration; and an altered mental status. Which of the following would MOST likely explain her clinical presentation?

After moving a hypothermic patient to a warmer area, your primary focus should be to:

A 45-year-old man reports shortness of breath that began suddenly. He tells the EMT that he has a condition called thrombophilia. What should you suspect?

A 73-year-old man presents with confusion; cool, pale, clammy skin; absent radial pulses; and a blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg. The patient's wife tells you that he has had abdominal pain for a week and began vomiting a coffee-ground substance yesterday. His past medical history includes hypertension and gastric ulcer disease. Your MOST immediate concern should be that:

Which part of the assessment process would MOST likely provide clues as to the possible underlying cause of a medical patient’s chief complaint?

You receive a call to a restaurant where a 34-year-old man is experiencing shortness of breath. When you arrive, you immediately note that the man has urticaria on his face and arms. He is conscious, but restless, and is in obvious respiratory distress. You should:

Which of the following is a physiologic effect of epinephrine when used to treat anaphylactic shock?

You receive a call for a 54-year-old woman who is having a seizure. When you arrive at the scene, the patient is actively seizing. Her husband tells you that she has a history of seizures and that she has been seizing continuously for 20 minutes. It is MOST important for you to recognize that:

A 60-year-old man reports a sudden tearing sensation in his abdomen. He is conscious and alert with a blood pressure of 148/88 mm Hg, a pulse of 120 beats/min, and respirations of 22 breaths/min. You should:

When insulin levels in the blood remain high:

Functions of the liver include:

Which of the following is the MOST detrimental effect of gastric distention in infants and children?

A 5-year-old child in compensated shock secondary to severe vomiting and diarrhea would be expected to have:

Which of the following would MOST likely occur in conjunction with a breech presentation?

A newborn is considered to be premature if it:

A 29-year-old pregnant woman reports a severe headache, blurred vision, and swelling of her hands and feet. Which of the following additional signs or symptoms would MOST likely be present?

A 29-year-old woman, who is 38 weeks' pregnant, presents with heavy vaginal bleeding, a blood pressure of 70/50 mm Hg, and a heart rate of 130 beats/min. She is pale and diaphoretic, and denies abdominal cramping or pain. What should you suspect?

A 5-year-old, 40-pound child was bitten by fire ants and is semiconscious. His breathing is labored and shallow, he has audible stridor, and his blood pressure is low. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate treatment for him?

The function of the uterus is to:

When caring for a woman who was sexually assaulted, the EMT should:

Oxygen and other nutrients are transferred to the developing fetus via the:

A prolapsed umbilical cord is dangerous because the:

A 32-year-old woman who is 36 weeks' pregnant reports a sudden onset of severe abdominal pain, which she describes as a tearing sensation, and vaginal bleeding. Her medical history includes hypertension and she admits to using cocaine. Which of the following should you suspect?

Upon assessing a newborn, you note that the infant is breathing spontaneously and has a heart rate of 80 beats/min. What should you do?

After drying, warming, and suctioning a newborn’s mouth and nose, assessment reveals central cyanosis, a weak cry, and a heart rate of 60 beats/min. What should you do?

A 2-year-old boy experienced a seizure that lasted 3 minutes. His mother states that he began running a fever earlier in the day. He is alert, crying, and is clinging to his mother. His skin is hot and flushed and his heart rate is 140 beats/min. What should you do?

Treatment for a responsive 4-year-old child with a mild airway obstruction, who has respiratory distress, a strong cough, and normal skin color, includes:

A 4-year-old girl fell from a third-story window and landed on her head. She is semiconscious with slow, irregular breathing and is bleeding from her mouth and nose. You should:

A 3-year-old child presents with respiratory distress. The child is being held by her mother and does not react to your presence. This finding indicates that the child:

Which of the following would be the MOST significant finding in a 2-month-old infant who is dehydrated?

A 5-year-old child is unresponsive and cyanotic. His pulses are weak and slow, and his breathing is slow. What should you do?

The MOST important initial steps of assessing and managing a newborn include:

You are called to treat a 55-year-old man who is experiencing difficulty breathing. After making contact with your patient, he extends his arm out to allow you to take his blood pressure. This is an example of:

After arriving at a mass-casualty incident where other ambulances are already present, you should:

The role of triage officer at a mass-casualty incident should be assumed by the:

Medical control has ordered you to administer one tube of oral glucose to a hypoglycemic patient. Immediately after receiving this order, you should:

A 72-year-old woman fell and has a hip injury. She is on the second floor of her home. Which of the following devices should you use to move her down the flight of stairs

Which of the following is an example of gross negligence?

A 30-year-old woman crashed her car into a tree at a high rate of speed. She is conscious and alert and has stable vital signs. She has some small lacerations and abrasions to her arms and face, but no obviously life-threatening injuries. As you are loading her into the ambulance, she tells you that she does not want to go to the hospital. You should:

Which of the following patients has the highest priority at the scene of a mass-casualty incident?

Most crashes involving ambulances occur:

Who has ultimate authority for all issues regarding patient care at the scene of a mass-casualty incident?

Which of the following is considered minimum personal protective equipment (PPE) when suctioning an unresponsive patient's airway?

The EMT should avoid focusing all of his or her attention on a single critical patient during the triage process because:

You arrive at the scene of an 80-year-old woman who is weak and lightheaded. Her son, who called 911, is present and asks you to transport his mother to the hospital. You should:

The technique of rapid extrication from a vehicle involves:

When called to the scene of a structural fire to stand by in case any injuries occur at the scene, you should:

The primary clinical feature associated with exposure to a vesicant agent is:

You are called to transport a patient with terminal lung cancer from a skilled nursing facility to the emergency department for evaluation of possible pneumonia. As you are reviewing the transfer paperwork, you see that the patient has a valid do not attempt resuscitation order. During transport, you should:

Which of the following vaccinations is NOT currently recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)?

Upon returning to quarters after working a major car accident involving an entire family, a member of the press calls and requests information regarding the call. What should you do?

A young man fell and landed on his outstretched hand, resulting in pain and deformity to the left midshaft forearm. Distal circulation should be assessed at which of the following pulse locations?

An adult patient opens his eyes in response to a painful stimulus, moans when you ask him questions, and pulls his arm away when you palpate it. What is his Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score?

An elderly woman, who was removed from her burning house by firefighters, has full-thickness burns to approximately 50% of her body. Appropriate treatment for this patient would include:

When assessing and treating a patient with a gunshot wound, you should routinely:

A 22-year-old man had a strong acid chemical splashed into both of his eyes. He is conscious and alert, is experiencing intense pain, and states that he is wearing contact lenses. Treatment should include:

Which of the following assessment findings should alert the EMT that a patient with a closed lower extremity fracture is developing compartment syndrome?

During a soccer game, an 18-year-old woman injured her knee. Her knee is in a flexed position and is obviously deformed. What should you do?

A soft-tissue injury that results in a flap of torn skin is called a/an:

Which of the following BEST describes the mechanism of injury?

If a vehicle strikes a tree at 60 mph, the unrestrained driver would likely experience the MOST severe injuries during the:

A patient experienced blunt chest trauma and has asymmetrical chest wall movement. This finding indicates:

A 23-year-old woman with a history of bulimia is vomiting large amounts of bright red blood and complains of pain in her upper abdominal area. What should you suspect?

Shock following major trauma is MOST often the result of: