STP (Spanning Tree Protocol )

What is the primary purpose of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)?

To increase bandwidth

To prevent loops in the network

To assign IP addresses

To encrypt data

Which IEEE standard defines the Spanning Tree Protocol?

802.1Q

802.1D

802.1X

802.3

In STP, what is the role of the Root Bridge?

To block redundant paths

To determine the best path for data frames

To act as a central point for all path calculations

To increase network speed

Which of the following is a state in the STP process?

Resolving

Mapping

Listening

Converging

What is the default bridge priority value in STP?

32768

4096

65535

In an STP topology, what happens if two switches have the same priority?

The one with the higher MAC address becomes the Root Bridge

The one with the lower MAC address becomes the Root Bridge

Both become Root Bridges

The network enters a loop state

Which STP state allows a port to learn MAC addresses but not forward frames?

Blocking

Listening

Learning

Forwarding

What is the purpose of a BPDU in STP?

To block data traffic

To detect loops

To transmit spanning tree information

To encrypt data packets

What is Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)?

An outdated version of STP

A protocol to increase the speed of spanning tree calculations

A security protocol for spanning tree

A protocol used only in wireless networks

Which of the following port states does not exist in RSTP but exists in traditional STP?

Discarding

Learning

Listening

Forwarding

Which command is used to view the current STP status on a Cisco switch?

Show vlan

Show spanning-tree

Show stp status

Show switchport

In an STP topology, which port is elected as the Root Port on a non-root bridge?

The port with the lowest MAC address

The port with the highest port number

The port with the lowest path cost to the Root Bridge

The port with the highest bandwidth

Which timer is used by STP to determine how long a port stays in the Listening and Learning states?

Hello Timer

Max Age Timer

Forward Delay Timer

Hold Timer

In STP, which mechanism is used to prevent the Root Bridge from changing frequently?

BPDU Guard

Root Guard

PortFast

Loop Guard

What is the default value of the Hello Timer in STP?

1 second

2 second

4 second

10 second

What is the purpose of the BPDU Guard feature in STP?

To protect the Root Bridge

To ensure that a port stays in the forwarding state

To prevent loops by disabling a port if a BPDU is received

To increase network convergence speed

How does Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) improve convergence time compared to traditional STP?

By reducing the Hello Timer interval

By eliminating the Listening and Learning states

By using an enhanced BPDU format

By allowing immediate transition to the Forwarding state

Which STP port role is responsible for forwarding traffic to the Root Bridge?

Designated Port

Block Port

Root Port

Alternate Port

What does the 'spanning-tree portfast' command do on a Cisco switch?

Enables BPDU filtering on the port

Immediately transitions the port to the Forwarding state

Configures the port as a trunk port

Disables STP on the port

Which of the following is a characteristic of the Designated Port in STP?

It is always in the Blocking state

It forwards BPDU frames to other switches

It is the port with the highest priority

It has the lowest path cost to the Root Bridge on its segment

STP (Spanning Tree Protocol )

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