Pharmacology exam 2 drugs

Create a detailed and visually engaging illustration of various pharmaceutical drugs, including capsules, tablets, and injections, arranged on a medical-themed background, with elements representing pharmacology such as molecular diagrams and a stethoscope.

Pharmacology Mastery Quiz

Test your knowledge of pharmacology with our comprehensive quiz focused on various drug classes and their characteristics. Designed for students and professionals alike, this quiz covers essential information surrounding anti-infectives and antiretroviral medications.

Proven knowledge on penicillin and its alternatives
Understanding the role of each drug class
Application of pharmacological principles in clinical settings

15 Questions4 MinutesCreated by LearningDoctor42

What are three characteristics of Penicillins?

The oldest and safest groups of anti-infectives and their mechanism of action is killing bacteria by disrupting their cell walls

The chemical structure of penicillin responsible for its antibacterial activity is called the beta-lactam ring

Allergic reactions occur in less than 10% of the population

Allergic reactions can be severe and lead to even death

What are four characteristics of Cephalosorins?

Similar in structure and function to penicillins and are one of the most widely prescribed anti-infective classes

They contain a beta-lactam ring

Are bacteriocidal and kill gram positive and gram negative bacteria by inhibiting cell wall synthesis

Used for people who can’t tolerate penicillins.

Are very deadly when combined with penicillin

Carries all of the adverse effects penicillin has as well as more

What are four characteristics of Nitromidazoles?

Effective against obligate or strict anaerobic microorganisms.

They’re found in gingival crevicular fluid in the periodontal pocket.

Works to inhibit nucleic acid synthesis leading to death of the organism.

Adjunctive treatment of refractory or chronic periodontal diseases due to having anti-inflammatory effects.

Commonly seen in mild cases of gingivitis

Are associated with the shrinking of alveolar bone

What are four characteristics of Tetracyclines?

Best to avoid giving to patients younger than 9 years old on account of teeth discoloration

Effective against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms and have one of the broadest spectrums of any class of antibiotics.

Bacteriostatic effect by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis

Have broad spectrums but are drugs of choice for few diseases

It can be used by infants but only at a specific age group

If taken at a young age they can permanently disfure the teeths entire appearance chemically wise

What are four characteristics of Macrolides?

Are a safe alternative to penicillin for many infections

Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis and may be either bactericidal or static.

Erythromycins are most effective against gram-positive bacteria and gram negative stains

Resistance to erythromycin is generally not a problem in short term therapy

Contains many of the adverse reactions penicillin contains

It can be used for dentistry because it's bacteriocidal nature can eliminate all invasive organisms

What are four characteristics of Lycomycins?

Also used in patients who need bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis but are allergic to penicillin.

Will be normally taken for dental infection such as a periodontal abscess or periodontal disease.

Primarily bacteriostatic but can be bactericidal in high doses

Clindamycin: Inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subyunit on the bacteria. Effective against Gram positive organisms

Contains the same allergic attibutes as penicillin

Can be used for practically all different types of dental procedures to heal the gingiva

What are three characteristics of Aminoglycosides?

Bactericidal drug: Work by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis

Treatment of a number of aerobic gram negative bacteria, mycobacteria, and some protozoans

Narrow spectrum drugs that have the potential to cause serious toxicity

Is perfectly safe to use on comporomised patients due to their effectiveness

What are four characteristics of Fluoroquinolones?

Have wide clinical applications because of their broad spectrum of activity and relative safety

Also known as quinolones

Bacteriocidal and works by inhibiting bacterial DNA synthesis.

The majority of dental patients taking a fluroquinolone will most likely be taking it for chronic bronchitits

Can fully alter the color of teeth due to fluoride content

Can eventually cause dental fluorosis to future generations due to herditary

What are four characteristics of Sulfonamides?

Also known as slufa drugs, derived from sulfanilamide, a slufur containing chemical

Are bacteriostatic and work by binding and inhibiting the specific enzyme called dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS)

The enzyme Is critical for the synthesis of folate, an essential nutrient

Primarily used for treating UTI, ear infections, bronchitis, etc

Is commonly used for patients who are experiencing symptoms of IBS

Is mainly used for nonoperative medical procedures due to not being too efficient

What are two characteristics of Isoniazid?

Bactericidal only against actively growing tubercle bacilli

Primary risk or adverse side effect is hepatitis

Completely destroy and elimates and tuberculosis causing organisms

Due to effectiveness it only needs to be taken for a short period of time.

What are five characteristics of antiretroviral drugs?

Reduce HIV related morbidity and prolong survival

Improve quality of life

Restore and preserve natural functions of the immune system

Maximum suppression of viral load

Prevents transmission from mother to child in HIV infected pregnant patients

Very efficient and potent for infants

Which best describes Nucleoside/tide Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI)?

This drug class works by inhibiting the action of reverse transcriptase, the viral enzyme that converts RNA into viral DNA.

Binds directly to the reverse transcriptase molecule and inhibit its ability to build viral DNA.

Block the final assembly of the HIV particle

Blocks the fusion of HIV to the CD4 receptor on the lymphocyte thus preventing progression to AIDs.

Which best describes Non-Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI)?

Binds directly to the reverse transcriptase molecule and inhibit its ability to build viral DNA.

This drug class works by inhibiting the action of reverse transcriptase, the viral enzyme that converts RNA into viral DNA.

Block the final assembly of the HIV particle

Blocks the fusion of HIV to the CD4 receptor on the lymphocyte thus preventing progression to AIDs.

Which best describes Protease inhibitors (PI)?

Block the final assembly of the HIV particle

This drug class works by inhibiting the action of reverse transcriptase, the viral enzyme that converts RNA into viral DNA.

Binds directly to the reverse transcriptase molecule and inhibit its ability to build viral DNA.

Blocks the fusion of HIV to the CD4 receptor on the lymphocyte thus preventing progression to AIDs.

Which best describes Fusion inhibitors?

Blocks the fusion of HIV to the CD4 receptor on the lymphocyte thus preventing progression to AIDs.

This drug class works by inhibiting the action of reverse transcriptase, the viral enzyme that converts RNA into viral DNA.

Binds directly to the reverse transcriptase molecule and inhibit its ability to build viral DNA.

Block the final assembly of the HIV particle

Pharmacology exam 2 drugs

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