Linux

What does cd~ do? Select one correct answer from the following

Brings you to your previous directory of the current directory

Brings you to the parent directory

Brings you to your home directory

Brings you to the systems root directory

Which command will find the file in the current directory and sub directories

Find /home -name <*.jpg>

Find /home/documents/usr - name *.jpg

Find /home/mydocuments-name *.jpg

Man db is to

Update the kernel system

Is to install desktop with GUI

Update the search commands or function

What is the short cut key used to cancel a running command or a process in your Linux terminal

Ctrl + d

Ctrl + alt + del

Ctrl + c

Ctrl + e

Used for version control system and for tracking changes in source code during software development. Select one answer from the following

Get

Git

Cron

Bash

#mv dir1/* dir2

Will move dir1 to dir2

Will move the contents of the source dir1 to target dir2

Will move dir2 to dir1

Initrd in Linux used to create one of the following

To create a Linux OS in another machine

Is a temporary root file system used in mounting

Which of the following command display information about the system Ethernet device

Lsmod

Lsusb

Lsdevis

None of these are correct

Which partition table allows you to have the largest number of primary partitions

Master boot record

GUID partition table

Logical partition

Primary partition

Linux command follows one of the following syntax. Select the correct one

Command [arguments] options

Command [options] arguments

Command [options]

Set expiration date for users using one of the following commands

Useradd -e 2020/12/31

Useradd -D 2020/12/31

Useradd -d 2020/12/31

What will happen if you use the command Export HISTSIZE=5

You can only see the recent 5KB O/S data

You can only see the recent 5 commands using UP arrow key

You can only see the recent 5 reboot of your system

The last command in Linux is to

Displays last 10 lines of the file

Displays history of user login/logout

List history of previously executed commands in the session

Select any two Linux utility that are used to configure systems networking information

Nmcli

Nmpcp

Telnet

Dishnet

Wc -l command in Linux is used to

Count words in a file

Count lines in a file

Count characters in a file

Count words, lines and characters in a file

Umount command in Linux is used to

Umount mounts in the file system

Umount overwrites your files

Umount umounts the file system

To list the files and directories that start with the character "s"

Ls | grep s

Ls | grep s$

Ls | grep ^s

What could be the output of the command cat setup.txt install.txt > update.txt

Install the setup file and update as well

Copy the contents of setups.txt and install.txt and create update.txt

Remove setup.txt and install.txt and create update.txt

Wc command in Linux is used to

Count words in a file

Count lines in a file

Count characters in a file

Count words, lines and characters in a file

Select the command to change the ownership of a file to a new user

Touch filename.txt

Chmod user filename.txt

Chown user filename.txt

Cat filename.txt

Which syntax will add alias in configuration file

Cc alias -'shutdown now'

Alias cc ='shutdown now'

Cc 'shutdown now' alias

What information is normally entered into the edge comment field with the usermod -c

The users schedule

A messaged to the user

The users first and last name

The users password

Which command is used to set or unset immutable attribute on a file in Linux

Attribute

Immutable

Lsattr

Chattr

Who can delete a file with the immutable flag set?

Any user with execute permissions

Only root and the owner

No one

Only root

Select the difference between hard link and soft link?

Soft links for any file can be created with command line

Even if the original file is removed the soft link file will not be affected

Hard link and soft link both will have different permissions

If you delete the original file, the soft link has no value

What is the effect of using 'i' option in grep command?

It ignores the string of characters that follow the option

It enforces case sensitivity

It causes grep to ignore case

It issues grep as a command

What is the effect of using -f option with rm command

It deleted everything but the following specified file

It forces the deletion without confirming each file

It deletes the folder and all its contents

It tests or fakes the deletion attmept

How does the diff command help compare the contents of the 30 days.txt and 60 days.txt file in the exercise

The diff command sets attribute to differentiate the two files

The diff command displays the differences between the two files

The diff command sets the version number on the two files

What is the user of tar command in Linux select 2 answers

Extract the archive file

Used to check the version of a file

Creates a compressed tarball

It allows you to install and update packages

Why is it often necessary to know the PID of a process?

The PID is related to resource consumption

Many tools use the PID to manage processes

Processes do not have recognizable names

Processes do not have names at all

What is the difference between the 'sleep' command and the 'sleep&' command?

The "sleep &' command is started at a lower priority than the 'sleep' command

The 'sleep' command is started at a lower priority than the 'sleep&' command

The two commands are the same

'sleep' is place in the background, 'sleep&' is placed in the foreground

'sleep' is placed in the foreground, 'sleep&' is placed in the background

Which of the following commands is used to change the nice value of a running process?

Nice

Lsof

Renice

Which of the following best describes the difference between rsyslog facility and severity?

Facility is the level of importance, severity is the service

Facility defines whether the log is forwarded, severity defines where it is forwarded to

Severity defines whether the log is forwarded, facility defines where it is forwarded to

Facility is the service, severity is the level of importance

Which of the following is the path to the Apache configuration file?

/etc/conf/httpd/httpd.conf

/var/html/www

/var/www/html

/etc/apache/apache.conf

Which of the following is the path to the index.html file?

/etc/conf/httpd/httpd.conf

/var/html/www

/etc/apache/apache.conf

/var/www/html

What is the purpose of the '-c 6' option with the 'ping' command?

Ping will only use IPv6

Ping will only pass through 5 routers

Ping will send 6 requests

Ping will send requests to 6 different hosts on the subnet

Which of the following best describes the difference between MAC addresses and IP addresses, as seen in the first activity?

MAC addresses are assigned to the sending system, IP addresses are assigned to the receiving computer

MAC addresses and IP addresses are the same thing

MAC addresses are the network interface's physical address, IP addresses are the network interface's logical addresses

IP addresses are the network interface's physical addresses, MAC addresses are the network interface's logical address

Why might a user prefer the nmtui interface over the nmcli interface?

The nmtui command has many options the nmcli does not have

The mntui interface may be simpler to use and understand

The nmcli interface may not always be installed

Which of the following best explain the benefits of SSH key-based authentication? (choose 2)

Automation, as scripting commands are run immediately

Quicker, as there is less network traffic

Quicker, as name resolution is simpler

Automation, as tools such as Ansible authenticate automatically with keys

Convenience, as password challenges disappear

Which of the following best represents a benefit of using the rsync utility

It relies only on IPv6

It only transfers changed, resulting in less network traffic

It automatically encrypts files

It automatically uses tar to bundle files

Which file must be edited to prevent root user authentication over SSH?

/boot/ssh/sshd_config

/var/ssh/sshd_config

/etc/ssh/sshd_config

/etc/sshd/ssh_config

What kind of utility is tcpdump

A command-line tool used to capture network traffic

A graphical interface for managing network settings

An email client

A file compression utility

Why could you read the web page content of the HTTP packet capture?

HTTP is encrypted

HTTP is not encrypted

HTTPS is not encrypted

SSH is not encrypted

Which of the following best represents a potential benefit of tcpdump over Wireshark?

Tcpdump is always installed on all Linux distributions.

Tcpdump requires a GUI, making it easier to use.

Tcpdump is command-line only, which is useful on servers with no GUI.

What are the two primary aspects of system hardening? (Choose 2)

Why did you need to restart the sshd daemon in the activity above?

You restarted the system and the sshd daemon was not enabled.

Services and daemons must be restarted after a change to their configuration files.

You installed an updated version of SSH.

Editing a configuration file automatically stops a service or daemon.

Which of the following best describes the function of the umask setting?

It sets the default services and daemons for the system.

It configures user access to the system.

It starts the hardening wizard.

It sets default permissions on new files and directories.

How many characters long is the MD5 hash algorithm?

256 characters

40 characters

128 bits

32 hexadecimal digits

Why might checking the integrity of files help secure files? (Select two)

Helps mitigate man-in-the-middle attacks.

Compresses files to consume less drive space.

Scans files for unauthorized changes.

Compresses files for quicker downloads.

Helps identify corrupted files.

How does hashing help with file version control?

Tags the files with version IDs (VIDs).

Lists the differences between two files.

Identifies whether two copies of a file are identical.

Identifies the date of the most recent changes.

Can hashing identify differences in files?

Yes, a hash displays differences.

No, a hash does not display differences.

Undetermined.

How many characters long is the SHA1 hash algorithm

128 characters

40 hexadecimal digits

32 characters

160 bits

Why did the SELinux status reset after using the 'setenforce 1' command and a reboot?

The 'setenforce 0' command is required for persistency.

The SELinux status is part of the Linux kernel and immutable.

The 'setenforce' command is not persistent across reboots.

The SELinux status would have been kept with a graceful shutdown.

How did you make the SELinux status persistent across reboots?

The '0' value makes 'setenforce' persistent.

The '1' value makes 'setenforce' persistent.

Recompiled the Linux kernel.

Edited the /etc/selinux/config file.

Linux

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