Dental Research, Prof.Lay Vuthy pt1(1-50)

1.      Cross-sectional study is:
study of prevalence of a disease
study of percentage of a disease
study to collect data at one specific point in time of a whole activity of a sample or subject
study to collect data a whole activity of a sample or subject
2.      What is a research design?:
A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory
The choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods
The style in which you present your research findings, e.g. A graph
A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data
3.      Naturalism has been defined as:
Viewing natural and social objects as belonging to the same realm
Being true to the nature of the phenomenon under investigation
Minimising the intrusion of artificial methods of data collection into the field
All of the above
4.      In an experimental design, the dependent variable is:
The one that is not manipulated and in which any changes are observed
The one that is manipulated in order to observe any effects on the other
A measure of the extent to which personal values affect research
An ambiguous concept whose meaning depends on how it is defined
5.      Cross cultural studies are an example of:
Case study design
Comparative design
Experimental design
Longitudinal design
6.      Which of the following requirements for a dissertation may depend on your institution?:
Whether an abstract should be included
The format for referencing
The word limit
All of the above
7.      Retrospective cohort study is:
historic cohort study, generally means to take a look back at events that already have taken place
study on history of a disease that you are raising to write your dissertation
study on history of an author that you are raising to write your dissertation
study on history of all samples that you are raising to write your dissertation
8.      Case study is:
study on disease cases happening in a period of time
study on disease cases happening in a region of a period of time
study or dissertation on cases of a disease or something written by a person, group, which has been studied over time
study on disease cases happening in a group of people
9.      Case control study is :
Study on two groups of samples that one is a group of disease cases and another is a group of control cases
Study on two groups of samples that one is a group of ill samples and another is a group of healthy samples
Study to control ill samples so as to collect data for dissertation
Study on two groups of samples that ones using real medications and others using placebo
10.  Study participant – not patients: In this Manual and during the survey we use the term. Study Participant (SP) to refer to people who participate in the study as they. Each section is described in three sub-sections:
Clinical procedures
Diagnostic codes
Diagnostic criteria
All are corrects
11.  What is the main advantage of producing a written research proposal?:
Helps with credibility.
Informs all interested parties
Helps keep people employed.
Helps the institution.
12.  All of these may appear in a research proposal, but which one will ALWAYS appear?:
Research objective.
Creative objective.
Business objective.
Marketing objective.
13.  Good research proposals will always:
Focus on addressing the research objectives
Provide respondent names and addresses.
Focus on the Harvard style.
Consider all possible research that had previously been done on the topic.
14.  The proposal’s literature review is important because:
The tutor insists upon it.
It looks authoritative
It is expected by the university.
It shows that you are knowledgeable about the literature that relates to your research topic
15.  Which proposal section is intended to describe the purpose with a full statement of the research Question?:
Introduction
Literature review.
References.
Proposed Method.
16.  Which ONE of these phrases is best avoided in a proposal?:
This research draws upon the work of………..
I hope to…………
This research seeks to………….
The intention is to complete the study by……….
17.  Which ONE of these is best avoided in a proposal?:
Short, clear sentences.
Accurate spelling and grammar.
Careful use of correct gender terms.
Jargon
18.  What helps to agree timing, agree resource allocation and also draws boundaries?:
The final report.
The proposal.
The observation form.
The questionnaire.
19.  How are research questions most often described?:
Arising within a laboratory setting
Posed after important factors are identified
May arise from our everyday life experiences
Always answered if we follow a scientific method of inqui
20.  What does a good research question usually pursue?:
A small part of a broad topic
A topic unrelated to any other topics
The same thing as the null hypothesis
A broad topic
21.  Which of the following is a good way to find a research topic?:
Personal experience
Getting an idea from your advisor
Looking for the next step in the research process
All of the above
22.  How would you define the research process?:
The researcher's plan of action to be followed when carrying out research.
A method of collecting research data.
The stages or steps the researcher follows in carrying out a research project.
The account of a study the researcher will write at the end of the study ready for publication.
23.  Questionnaire is a :
Research method
Measurement technique
Tool for data collection
Data analysis technique
24.  After you think of each research question, evaluate it by asking whether it is:
Logically related to the topic
In question form
Not answerable with a quick Google search
Specific, not vague
All are corrects
25.  The steps for developing a research question, listed below, help you organize your thoughts:
Choose a topic (or consider the one assigned to you).
Write a narrower/smaller topic that is related to the first.
List some potential questions that could logically be asked in relation to the narrow topic.
Choose and Change the question that you are most interested in.
All are corrects
26.  For developing a research question you know the order of the steps:
Imagining narrower topics about a larger one,
Thinking of questions that stem from a narrow topic
Focusing questions to eliminate their vagueness.
All are corrects
27.  What is the purpose of doing research?:
To identify problem
To find the solution
To identify problem and To find the solution
None of these
28.  What is research problem?:
Is an educational issue or concern that an investigator presents
Justifies in a research study
Opinions and attitudes
Is an educational issue or concern that an investigator presents and justifies in a research study
29.  Procedures for reviewing the literature involved in conducting a literature review:
Search for existing literature in your area of study;
Review the literature selected;
Develop a theoretical and a conceptual framework;
Writing up the literature reviewed
All are corrects
30.  What do we do with research?:
Have it as interesting fact
Use it to make decisions
Use it to persuade influence others
Use it to change behavior
All are corrects
31.  What types of materials are needed?:
Books, Magazine articles
Newspaper articles, Scholarly journal articles and web site
Other materials, such as statistics, government publications
All are corrects
32.  Finally, review your new problem statement against the following criteria:
It should focus on only one problem.
It should be one or two sentences long.
It should not suggest a solution.
All are corrects
33.  A research question is :
An answerable inquiry into a specific concern or issue.
It is the initial step in a research project and The first active step in the research project
The 'initial step' means after you have an idea of what you want to study,
All are corrects
34.  Your research question is:
The key to success in doing your research
Writing your research paper
The foundation of all future work on the paper
All are corrects
35.  A proposal is also known as a:
Work plan
Prospectus
Outline
Drafts plan
All are corrects
36.  The most critical areas of an article to read is:
Results section
Introduction
Abstract
Limitations
37.  Questions to ask yourself in regards to the completeness of the literature review include:
Does the title of the literature report reflect what happened or was found in the study
Are all of the terms defined and documented the first time they are used in the literature review
Does the problem statement still reflect the social or practical significance of your study
Have you added any additional journal articles or book chapters that strengthen your arguments
All of the above
38.  In the definition of epidemiology, "distribution" refers to:
Who
When, Where
Why, who
Who, when and where
39.  In the definition of epidemiology, determinants generally includes:
Agents
Causes
Risk factors
Sources
All of the above
40.  Which of the following statement is correct about the references?:
A reference must always be initialized within functions.
A reference must always be initialized outside all functions.
A reference must always be initialized.
A reference must always be initialized within functions and a reference must always be initialized .
41.  Which of the following statements are true?:
The larger the sample size, the greater the sampling error
The more categories or breakdowns you want to make in your data analysis, the larger the sample needed
The fewer categories or breakdowns you want to make in your data analysis, the larger
the sample needed
As sample size decreases, so does the size of the confidence interval
42.  Which of the following is not a characteristic of research?:
It requires the collection of new data
It is reiterative
It requires reasoned arguments to develop conclusions
It aims to increase understanding
43.  What should not be included in a research proposal?:
A summary of existing work in the area
The proposed methods to collect data
The results that will be obtained
An acknowledgement of any ethical issues
44.  Identifying some ones age is an example of:
Nominal measurement
Ordinal measurement
Interval measurement
Ratio measurement
45.  An experimental research design normally involves:
Manipulating the independent variable
Manipulating the dependent variable
A number of repeated measures
Data collected over an extended time period
46.  Which of the following are not normally a requirement for experimental research design?:
Demonstrating co variation
Demonstrating time order
Demonstrating repeated measures
Demonstrating non spuriousness
47.  Which of the following is not an advantage of a questionnaire?:
Provides structured data
Allows the respondent to complete in their own time
Allows complex questions
Allows access to a dispersed sample group
48.  When designing a questionnaire, try to start off with:
Closed questions
List questions
Likert scales
Open questions
49.  What should be the content of an abstract?:
The topic, objectives
The topic, the research question, objectives, methods of the study and key word
The topic, the research question or hypothesis, objectives and a brief résumé of the conclusions
The topic, abstract, introduction objectives, methods, results, conclusions and key word
50.  The role of a project supervisor is to:
Make sure you keep to your schedule and deadlines
Provide intellectual support, guidance and critical feedback
Negotiate access to the research setting on the student's behalf
Give you a reading list
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