Auxmach (Steering Gear)

It is the prime concern for seafarers onboard and for governing authorities like IMO.

There have been many ship accidents in the past which includes collision, grounding, stranding etc. due to failure of one critical system-

This device is designed to convert linear movement of the rams to the rotary movement of the tiller arms and rudder stock.

During normal operation the steering gear should be made to move at. least ___________ to ensure self-lubrication of the moving parts

One of the most important auxiliary machineries onboard a vessel is the

It is a critical equipment onboard that when it fails, it will render the vessel inoperative which will cause delay in the delivery of goods, services, a burden to stakeholders that will tarnish the reputation of the company and may cause safety concerns for the crew and the vessel.

It consist of Construction, Subdivision, Stability, Machinery and Electrical Installation which Deals with watertight integrity of the ship, especially for passenger vessels.

Steering Gear

In case of failure of the main steering gear, the second one should start within

It states Every ship shall be provided with main steering gear and an auxiliary steering gear. The main steering gear and auxiliary steering gear shall be so arranged that the failure of one of them will not render the other one inoperative.

It should function in case of maladjustment of hunting gear in case rudder coming in contact with some foreign objects or rudder movement gets restricted.

The ________shall be fitted to any part of the hydraulic system which can be isolated and in which pressure can be generated from the power source or from the external force.

The design pressure of steering gear component hydraulic pressure shall be tested at least ________of the maximum working pressure to be expected

Steering capability of main steering gear if the ship is at its deepest seagoing draught and running ahead at maximum ahead service speed

The main steering gear shall be capability of 35° on either side to 30° on the other side in not more than

They are designed that they will not damage at maximum astern speed.

Its rudder stock shall be in adequate strength and capable of steering the ship at maximum ahead service speed which shall be demonstrated.

Its rudder stock shall be in adequate strength and capable of steering the ship at navigable speed and of being brought speedily into action in an emergency

Capable of steering from 15° on one side to 15° on the other side in not more than 60 seconds

It shall be provided both on the navigation bridge and in the steering compartment.

This regulation is about Electric and Electro-Hydraulic Steering Gear

It shall be provided for motors and power circuits of electrically or electro-hydraulically operated main steering gear.

It consists of Safety of Navigation

Regulation consists of Safety of Navigation Use of Auto-Pilot

In areas of high traffic density, in conditions of restricted visibility and in all other hazardous navigational situations where the _______________ is used

The change-over from automatic to manual steering and vice versa shall be made by or under the supervision of a

Regulation consists of Operation of main source of electrical power and steering gear

Regulation consists of Steering Gear Testing and Drills

Marking, periodical operation and inspection of watertight doors, etc., in passenger ships

Within __________ before departure, the ship’s steering gear shall be checked and tested by the ship’s crew.

Those concerned with the operation and/or maintenance of steering gear shall be familiar with the operation of the steering systems fitted on the ship and with the procedures for changing from one system to another

These drills include direct control within the steering gear compartment, the communications procedure with the navigation bridge and, where applicable, the operation of alternative power supplies.

Emergency steering drills shall take place at least once every _________ in order to practice emergency steering procedures

For ships which regularly engage on voyages of short duration shall carry out these checks and tests at least once

This shall be provided and shall be so arranged that a mechanical or electrical failure in one of them will not render the other one inoperative.

Local control of the steering gear must be provided in the

Tankers of _______gross tonnage and upwards must have two independent steering gear control systems which are operated from the bridge. And they also have an oil leak detection and its steering capability must regain 45 seconds following the loss of one power actuating system

Tankers of 10000-ton gross tonnage and upwards must have two independent steering gear control systems which are operated from the bridge. Where one fails, the changeover to the other must be immediate and achieved from the

The steering gear itself must comprise two independent systems where a failure of one result in an automatic changeover to the other within

Steering gear sump tank temperature should be

Steering gear sump tank level should be

Steering gear expansion tank level

Steering gear differential pressure should be

This device receives feedback when rudder is move in a steering gear system with feedback.

This acts as a control box but is manually operated by hydraulic

Electrohydraulic steering system works by using ___________ which also equipped with emergency steering lever.

The equipment other than any part of the main steering gear necessary to steer the ship in the event of failure of the main steering gear but not including the tiller, quadrant or components serving the same purpose, (acc. to SOLAS).

The machinery, rudder actuators, steering gear power units, if any, and ancillary equipment and the means of applying torque to the rudder stock (e.g. Tiller or quadrant) necessary for effecting movement of the rudder for the purpose of steering the ship under normal service conditions, (acc. to SOLAS). -

This steering system uses pulleys to turn the rudder

This are the principal system for the entire motion and control of the ships

The entire rudder action is dependent on another pivotal system called the

It provides a movement of the rudder in response to a signal from the bridge

The steering gear’s total system may be considered made up of three parts which are:

It conveys a signal of desired rudder angle from the bridge and activates the power unit and transmission system until the desired angle is reached.

It provides the force, when required and with immediate effect, to move the rudder to the desired angle.

It is the means by which the movement of the rudder is accomplished.

It is a hydraulic control system employing a transmitter, a receiver, pipes, and a charging unit.

Part of telemotor that is built into the steering wheel console which located on the bridge and has two rams which moves in opposite direction as the steering wheel is turned

Part of telemotor that is mounted on the steering gear

Part of telemotor that is located near to the receiver and the system is charged with a non-freezing fluid.

It consists of a tank, a pump, and shut-off cocks for each and is fitted in the main piping between the transmitter and receiver.

In telemotor cylinder unit, this device operates the slipper ring or swash plate of the variable delivery pump.

This device connects the bottom hanging lever of hunting gear to the tiller arm as a feedback link

This device stops the variable pump whenever a desired rudder position is achieved.

It is one of the commonly used steering gear construction and is quite expensive in construction. The basic principle is same as that of a hydraulically-driven motor engine or lift.

It is an indispensable part of the entire steering gear arrangement of ships and dictates the exact behavior of the rudder response.

The ram type steering gear arrangement produces a considerably high value of torque for a given applied power. The hydraulic oil pressure varies from _______________ depending on the size of the rudder and torque required.

This mechanism consists of a block or a sleeve, pivoted to the ram and guided by a crosshead, and arranged to slide on the tiller arm so that the moment arm increases as the rudder angle increases.

In a passenger ship, under normal service conditions, one pump unit works while in a cargo ship, how many pump unit should work?

This steering system works by introducing pressure into compartments formed between a stator fixed to the ship's structure and a rotor attached to the rudder stock

In rotary vane steering gear, this device sends feedback to control box, thus stopping the hydraulic pump when a desired rudder position is achieved

Special requirements of tankers above 10,000 tones

SOLAS regulation for 35 degrees under 28 seconds is for?

In electrohydraulic pump, if standby pump fails to start and failure of running pump

If there is a lot of movement of the wheel in hand steering mode before steering gear respond there is a

If rudder does not hold a helm angle in manual mode there is a

When does a ship should have two power unit for steering gear?

In case of any failure and there are no alarms, it could be because of

Remote rudder angle is fitted in

In case of a leak, the automatic change over is initiated when

Steering gear alarms can only be acknowledged from

The force generated by hydraulic system depends on

The main purpose of emergency steering drills is

In an order to switch over to local steering, the knowledge you need is

Special requirements for ship over 70,000 tones

Pumps That are Normally Used in the Movement of The Rudder:

These pumps are capable of higher flows and can work with lower viscosity liquids.

These pumps are mainly used in the Operation of Steering Gears. It has more or less a constant flow regardless of the system pressure or head. These are better suited for higher viscosity applications.

In Positive Displacement Pump, the flow is increased when _______is increased

This type of Positive Displacement pump works by the repeated back-and-forth movement through suction strokes and compressions strokes of either a piston, plunger or diaphragm.

This type of positive displacement pump uses the actions of rotating cogs or gears to transfer fluids. Fluid, drawn into the pump, is enclosed within the teeth of its rotating cogs or gears and transferred to the discharge.

The simplest example of a rotary positive displacement pump is the

There are two basic designs of gear pump:

It consists of two interlocking gears supported by separate shafts (one or both of these shafts may be driven). Rotation of the gears traps the fluid between the teeth moving it from the inlet, to the discharge, around the casing. No fluid is transferred back through the centre, between the gears, because they are interlocked.

It consist of two interlocking gears that are of different sizes with one rotating inside the other. The cavities between the two gears are filled with fluid at the inlet and transported around to the discharge port, where it is expelled by the action of the smaller gear.

To generate suction and reduce slippage and leaks, a rotary pump relies on the ______ between its rotating elements and the pump housing

This is another limitation of positive displacement pump which can cause noise and vibration in pipe systems and cavitation problems which can ultimately lead to damage or failure.

What is the maximum viscosity in which a centrifugal pump can handle?

This pump efficiency increases as viscosity increases

These are motor driven or manually operated class of positive displacement machines used to provide hydraulic flow to fluid-powered devices such as cylinders and rams. They can provide infinite adjustment over their speed range with a constant input rpm.