Anatomy 1
Erythropoietin (EPO) is made primarily by the __________.
Pituitary gland
Pancreas
Kidneys
Spleen
The inner lining of the fibrous pericardium is formed by the ________.
Parietal layer of serous pericardium
Diaphragm
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
The cells of the myocardium behave as a single, coordinated unit called a _______.
Sarcomere
Contractile unit
Cardiac cycle
Functional syncytium
Pacemaker
The ability of some cardiac muscle cells to initiate their own depolarization and cause depolarization of the rest of the heart is called _______.
A functional syncytium
An action potential
Automaticity
The absolute refractory period
Blood flow would be increased by ________.
Increasing blood vessel length
Decreasing blood pressure
Decreasing vessel diameter
Increasing cardiac output
The coronary arteries arise from the _________.
Inferior vena cava
Pulmonary trunk
Superior vena cava
Aorta
Right atrium
The vessels that exhibit the lowest level of permeability are the ________.
Sinusoidal capillaries
Capillaries found in the glomerulus of the kidney
Fenestrated capillaries
Continuous capillaries
One molecule of hemoglobin can bind a maximum of _______ oxygen molecules
Two
Eight
Six
Four
A doctor puts his stethoscope on a patient’s chest over the location of the heart and hears a swishing sound. Which of the following conditions is the best diagnosis for the patient’s condition?
Myocardial infraction
Cardiac tamponade
Angina pectoris
Incompetent cardiac valve
Cardiac output is __________.
The amount of blood filling each ventricle at the end of diastole
The number of impulses fired by the SA node in one minute
The number of times the heart beats in one minute
The amount of blood pumped out of the heart during every ventricular contraction
The amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle in one minute
When the mitral valve closes, it prevents the backflow of blood from the ________.
Left ventricle into the aorta
Right atrium into the right ventricle
Left ventricle into the left atrium
Right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk
Left atrium into the left ventricle
The cardiac cycle includes all of the following events EXCEPT __________.
The changes in pressure gradients in all chambers of the heart
The changes in blood volume in all chambers of the heart
The closing and opening of the heart valves during each heartbeat
The movement of impulse from the SA node to all regions of the heart wall
The number of times the heart beats in one minute
The normal pacemaker of the heart is the _________.
AV node
Purkinje fibers
AV bundle
The bundle branches
SA node
Overproduction of white blood cells is called ________.
Leukopenia
Leukocytosis
Polycythemia
Leukopoiesis
Cardiogenic shock is most likely to result from _________.
Large-scale blood loss
A systemic allergic reaction
Multiple heart attacks
A severe bacterial infection
Identify the correct sequence of blood flow through the chambers of the heart.
Right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle
Lungs, right ventricle, left ventricle, right atrium, left atrium
Left ventricle, left atrium, lungs, right ventricle, right atrium
Right ventricle, left ventricle, left atrium, lungs, right atrium
Left atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle, right atrium, lungs
Platelets are derived from __________.
Monocytes
Band cells
Lymphocytes
Megakaryocytes
The tricuspid valve is located between the _________.
Right and left atria
Right ventricle and the aorta
Left atrium and left ventricle
Right atrium and right ventricle
Right and left ventricles
Would make antibodies to the A antigen but not the B antigen
Person with type A blood
Person with type O blood
Person with type B blood
Person with type AB blood
Would make antibodies to the B antigen but not the A antigen
Person with type B blood
Person with type AB blood
Person with type O blood
Person with type A blood
Would have type A and B antigens
Person with type A blood
Person with type B blood
Person with type O blood
Person with type AB blood
Would make antibodies to the A and B antigens
Person with type AB blood
Person with type O blood
Person with type B blood
Person with type A blood
The interventricular septum forms a dividing wall between the _______.
Left and right ventricles
Right atrium and right ventricle
Left atrium and left ventricle
Right ventricle and left atrium
Left atrium and right atrium
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) can develop when an Rh+ woman is pregnant with an Rh- baby
True
False
The vessel layer that has a direct role in vasoconstriction is the ________.
Tunica media
Tunica externa
Endothelium
Tunica intima
A patient who lacks intrinsic factors would likely develop ________.
Sickle-cell anemia
Aplastic anemia
Hemorrhagic anemia
Pemicious anemia
During systemic circulation, blood leaves the ________.
Right ventricle and goes directly to the aorta
Left ventricle and goes directly to the aorta
Right atrium and goes directly to the lungs
Lungs and moves to the left atrium
Right ventricle and moves to the lungs
The percentage of blood volume occupied by erythrocytes is called the _______.
Hematocrit
Blood volume
Hemostat
Buffy coat
Blood flows from the lungs to the ________ via the _________.
Right atrium; pulmonary arteries
Left atrium; pulmonary veins
Right atrium; pulmonary veins
Left atrium; pulmonary arteries
The hepatic portal system collects blood from the ______ and then routes it to the _______.
Liver; kidneys
GI tract; liver
Liver; GI tract
Kidneys; liver
During pulmonary circulation, blood leaves the __________.
Left ventricle and moves to the lungs
Right ventricle and goes directly to the aorta
Right atrium and goes directly to the lungs
Right ventricle and moves to the lungs
Right atrium and goes directly to the left ventricle
Blood type is determined by _________.
Antibodies present in the plasma
Antigens present on the surface of erythrocytes
Antigens present in the plasma
Antibodies present on the surface of erythrocytes
Systolic pressure
Lowest level of aortic pressure
The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
Pressure that propels blood to the tissues
Peak of aortic pressure
Diastolic pressure
Pressure that propels blood to the tissues
Peak of aortic pressure
The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
Lowest level of aortic pressure
Pulse pressure
The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
Peak of aortic pressure
Lowest level of aortic pressure
Pressure that propels blood to the tissues
Mean arterial pressure
The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
Pressure that propels blood to the tissues
Peak of aortic pressure
Lowest level of aortic pressure
Aging red blood cells are fragmented and trapped in the __________.
Intestines
Spleen
Kidneys
Liver
Which of the following structures lies on the outside surface of the heart and is an integral part of the cardiac wall?
The parietal layer of serous pericardium
The fibrous pericardium
The epicardium
The pericardial sac
Blood from the brain is returned to the heart via the _________.
Abdominal aorta
Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
Thoracic aorta
The vessels that carry oxygen to the myocardium are called _________.
Pulmonary arteries
Coronary veins
Pulmonary veins
Coronary arteries
Aortic arteries
The migration of white blood cells out of the capillary blood vessels is called _______.
Diapedesis
Active transport
Leukocytosis
Transcytosis
Which of the following shows the correct sequence of hemostasis from start to end?
Coagulation, vascular spasm, platelet plug formation
Vascular spasm, platelet pulg formation, coagulation
Vascular spasm, coagulation, platelet plug formation
Platelet plug formation, vascular spasm, coagulation
Fluids would be likely to leave or filter out of the capillary if ___________.
Net filtration pressure (NFP) is negative
Net hydrostatic pressure (HP) is less than net osmotic pressure (OP)
Net hydrostatic pressure (HP) is greater than net osmotic pressure (OP)
Osmotic pressure (OP) in the capillary is high
Blood flows directly from ______ into capillary beds.
Venules
Arterioles
Muscular arteries
Elastic arteries
What part of the heart is considered the systemic circuit pump?
The right ventricle
The left ventricle
The right atrium
The left atrium
The endocardium is composed of _______.
Stratified squamous epithelium
Cardiac muscle cells
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Simple squamous epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium
The trabeculae carnage are located in the _________.
Epicardium
Endocardium
Atrium
Ventricles
The _________ nerve carries parasympathetic fibers to the sinoatrial (SA) node.
Hypoglossal
Vagus
Facial
Accessory
A free-floating blood clot is called a thrombus
True
False
The inferior vena cava brings blood from the lower regions of the body and empties into the _________.
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Aorta
Which of the following would experience increased blood flow during exercise?
Kidneys
Brain
Skin
Intestines
Which of the following is NOT a role of albumin?
It acts as a blood buffer
It contributes to plasma osmotic pressure
It serves an immune system function
It acts as a carrier molecule
Which of the following factors gives the myocardium its high resistance to fatigue?
A very large number of mitochondria in the cytoplasm
The coronary circulation
The pressure of intercalated discs
Gap junctions
Which of the following is true when comparing arteries and veins?
Arteries carry blood away from the heart; veins carry blood to the heart.
At any given time, there is more blood present in arteries than in veins.
Arteries have valves; veins do not.
Arteries are less muscular than veins.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the shape, position, and location of the heart?
The heart is shaped like a cone with the base facing the fight shoulder.
The heart is located between the two lungs within the mediastinum.
Approximately two-thirds of the heart is found to the left of the midline.
The heart is enclosed in a double-layered sac called the pleural membrane.
Choose the correct sequence of current flow through the heart wall.
AV node, Purkinje fibers, AV node, AV bundle, right and left bundle branches
SA node, AV node, AV bundle, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers
AV node, SA node, Purkinje fibers, AVbundle, right and left bundle branches
Purkinje fibers, AV node, AV bundle, right and left bundle branches, SA node
SA node, Purkinje fibers, AV node, AV bundle, right and left bundle branches
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