Dental_research_Vorn_Vutha(1-50)

1.      In order to save time and money, psychologists collect their data by?
The use of censuses
The use of prevalence
Using poorly paid student helpers
Stopping people in the street
The use of samples
2.      The specific statistical methods that can be used to summarize or to describe a collection of data is called?
Analytical statistics
Experimental study
Inferential statistics
Descriptive statistics
All of the above
3.      Non-sampling errors are introduced due to technically faulty observations or during the………………of data?
Processing
Sequencing
Interview
Collection
Analysis
4.      Data is simply the numerical results of any scientific……………?
Observation
Collection
Analysis
Researches
Measurement
5.      The……………….process would be required to ensure that the data is complete and as required?
Editing
Tabulating
Analysis
Ordering
All of the above
6.      A sample is a portion of the………..population that is considered for study and analysis?
Fixed
Random
Selected
Total
Distribution
7.      Both the sampling as well as the non-sampling errors must be reduced to a minimum in order to get representative a sample of the………as possible?
Population
Group
Universe
Region
Ethics
8.      A variable is any characteristic which can assume…………value?
Fixed
Different
Assumed
Similar
Good
9.      The basic objective of a sample is to draw………….about the population from which such sample is drawn?
Parameters
Conclusion
Inferences
Characteristics
Introduction
10.  What is the defining characteristic of experimental research?
Resistance to manipulation
Manipulation of the independent variable
The use of open-ended questions
Focuses only on local problems
All are not correct
11.  Which of the following includes examples of quantitative variables?
Age, temperature, income, height
Grade point average, anxiety level
Gender, religion, ethnic group
Age, temperature, income, height, Grade point average, anxiety level
12.  Which of the following can best be described as a categorical variable?
Age
Grade point average
Annual income
Religion
Nationality
13.  What is the opposite of a variable?
A constant
An extraneous variable
A dependent variable
A data set
All are correct
14.  The strongest evidence for causality comes from which of the following research methods?
Ethnography
Experimental
Causal-comparative
Correlational
All are correct
15.  A numerical value used as a summary measure for a sample, such as sample mean, is known as a ?
Population parameter
Sample parameter
sample statistic
Population mean
None of the above answers is correct.
16.  Since the population size is always larger than the sample size, then the sample statistic?
Can never be larger than the population parameter
Can never be equal to the population parameter
Can never be zero
Can never be smaller than the population parameter
All are not correct
17.  The sum of the percent frequencies for all classes will always equal?
One
The number of classes
The number of items in the study
100
None of the answers is correct.
18.  Since the mode is the most frequently occurring data value, it ?
Can never be larger than the mean
Is always larger than the median
Is always larger than the mean
Must have a value of at least two
All are not correct.
19.  Mu is an example of a?
Population parameter
Sample statistic
Population variance
Mode
All are not correct
20.  The mean of a sample is?
Always equal to the mean of the population
Always smaller than the mean of the population
Computed by summing the data values and dividing the sum by (n - 1)
computed by summing all the data values and dividing the sum by the number of items
All are not correct
21.  The difference between the largest and the smallest data values is the?
Variance
Interquartile range
range
Coefficient of variation
All are not correct
22.  Which of the following is not a measure of central location?
Mean
Median
Variance
Mode
All are not correct.
23.  If a data set has an even number of observations, the median?
Cannot be determined
Is the average value of the two middle items
Must be equal to the mean
is the average value of the two middle items when all items are arranged in ascending order
All are not correct.
24.  The sum of deviations of the individual data elements from their mean is?
Always greater than zero
Always less than zero
Sometimes greater than and sometimes less than zero, depending on the data elements
always equal to zero
All are not correct.
25.  The value that has half of the observations above it and half the observations below it is called the?
Range
Median
Mean
Mode
All are not correct.
26.  The most frequently occurring value of a data set is called the?
Range
Mode
Mean
Median
All are not correct.
27.  A tabular summary of a set of data showing the fraction of the total number of items in several classes is a?
frequency distribution
Relative frequency distribution
Frequency
Cumulative frequency distribution
All are not correct.
28.  The standard deviation of a sample of 100 observations equals 64. The variance of the sample equals?
8
10
6400
4,096
All are not correct.
29.  The variance of a sample of 81 observations equals 64. The standard deviation of the sample equals?
0
4096
8
6561
All are not correct.
30.  Refer to Exhibit 3-2. The median is?
5
6
7
8
All are not correct.
31.  Refer to Exhibit 3-2. The mode is?
5
6
7
8
All are not correct.
32.  Refer to Exhibit 3-2. The mean is?
5
6
7
8
All are not correct
33.  Refer to Exhibit 3-3. The range is?
1
2
10
12
All are not correct
34.  Refer to Exhibit 3-4. The mean is?
35
670
10
67
All are not correct.
35.  Which of the following is not a measure of dispersion?
The range
The variance
The standard deviation
All are correct
36.  The measure of dispersion that is influenced most by extreme values is?
The variance
The standard deviation
the range
The interquartile range
All are not correct.
37.  When should measures of location and dispersion be computed from grouped data rather than from individual data values?
As much as possible since computations are easier
only when individual data values are unavailable
Whenever computer packages for descriptive statistics are unavailable
Only when the data are from a population
All are not correct.
38.  The descriptive measure of dispersion that is based on the concept of a deviation about the mean is?
The range
The interquartile range
the standard deviation
All are not correct.
39.  On matters of academics (knowledge) a researcher should consider himself as?
Entirely dependent on the teacher
Open minded and radical
Fairly knowledgeable
A status quo maintainer
All are not correct
40.  Given the N values in a series, the geometric mean is ?
The third root of the product of N values.
The square root of the product of N values
The fourth root of the product of N values
The Nth root of the product of N values
All are not correct
41.  Which of the measures given here are based on every item of the series?
Range
Standard deviation
Quartile deviation
Mean
All of them
42.  A researcher selects a probability sample of 100 out of the total population. It is ?
A cluster sample
A random sample
A systematic sample
A stratified sample
A multistage sampling
43.  If x is 4 and the distribution is 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, the sum of squared deviations from the x will be?
 
8
10
6
12
14
44.  Generalized conclusion on the basis of a sample is technically known as ?
Statistical inference of external validity of the research
Parameter inference
Data analysis and interpretation
All are correct
45.  A statistical measure based upon the entire population is called parameter while measure based upon a sample is known as ?
Sample parameter
Inference
Standard deviation
Statistic
All are correct
46.  If x is 48, Median is 47, Mode value will be ?
44
50
45
49
60
47.  Since the population size is always larger than the sample size, then the sample statistic?
Can never be larger than the population parameter
Can never be equal to the population parameter
Can never be zero
Can never be smaller than the population parameter
All are correct
48.   is an example of a?
population parameter
Sample statistic
Population variance
Mode
All are not correct
49.  The stages of a malignant disease (cancer) is recorded using the symbols 0, I, II, III, IV. We say that the scale used is ?
Alphanumeric
Numerical
Ordinal
Nominal
Category
50.  The fundamental statistical indicators are ?
Mean and D. Standard deviation
Median
Variance
Mode
Range
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