Tumours
What is NOT a feature of a naevus?
Benign
Cancerous
Contain pigment
Cluster of cells
Neavus does not start off with pigment
True
False
The bigger the lesion the more likely it is to be melanoma
True
False
1% of neavi turn malignant, but out of the cases of malignant melanoma how many originated from a choroidal neavi
1/4
1/2
1/3
1/5
What is the age group that malignant melanomas seem to be detected
Under 15 years
20-40
40-60
60-80
What is the most common intraocular tumour?
Malignant melanoma of the choroid
Malignant melanoma of the CB
Malignant melanoma of the Iris
Malignant melanoma of the ON
There are high mortality rates with malignant melanomas of the choroid depending on what melanocyte cell type involved. What cell type has the highest mortality rate?
Spindle A
Spindle B
Mixed
Epitheliod
What is the mortality rate of a patient diagnosed with malignant melanoma of the choroid?
5 years
10 years
20 years
30 years
Most Malignant melanomas have an orange tinge. What causes this?
Neivascularisation of the tumour
Leaked lipofuskin from atrophied RPE over the lesion
Thinned RPE
Reflection from fundoscopy
Enlargement of the tumour of the choroid is restricted by the sclera and bruch's membrane and therefore constrained within the plane of the choroid therefore they are usually ....
Flatter
Taller
Pigmented
Non-pigmented
What is the collar button effect in regards to a malignant melanoma?
Growth into the orbit
Growth along nerves
Penetration of bruch's membrane
Penetration of the sclera
What percentage of systemic metastasis is usually found in the liver from the melanoma of choroid?
12%
18%
24%
97%
What does the F stand for in the acronym is TFSOM-UHHD
Feathery margins
Flat lesions
Subretinal Fluid
Furrowed in Bruch's membrane
What does the O stand for in the acronym is TFSOM-UHHD
Oedema
Orange Pigment
Oval shaped
ONH close
What is the most common metastatic tumours to choroid ?
Lung
Liver
Bowel
Ovaries
What is NOT a Ddx of choroidal melanoma?
Retinoschisis
Retinal Cysts
Drusen
Retinal detachment
In regards to management of choroid melanoma what would be an optimetrist role?
Refer to ophthalmologist
Observe
Treat with plaque irradiation
Refer to GP for metastasis investigation
Plaque irradiation....
Radioactive plaque is sutured to the sclera where the lesion is the radiation reaches the lesion and kills cancerous cells
Laser photocoagualtion that burns the cancer cells
Causes enucleation of the globe
A surgical technique that psychically removes the tumour
What success rate of plaque irradiation?
49%
9%
89%
98%
The COMS study 1997 found that
There were further consequences and poorer heath outcomes using plaque irradiation than enucleation
Plaque radiation therapy and enuucliation of the eye are both effective in preventing metastatic choroidal melanoma
Laser therapy was the most common therapy
Plaque irradiation only was successful with small tumours
Malignant melanoma of the cililary body always causes High IOP
True
False
What is NOT part of the management of malignant melanoma of the cililary body?
Enucleation
Local sectioning surgery
Anti-glaucoma medication and refer
In regards to the ABCDEF acronym for the risk factors of an iris melanoma. the C stands for
Causes symptoms
Chamber reaction
Clock hours of mass inferiorly
Clock hours of mass temporally
In regards to the ABCDEF acronym for the risk factors of an iris melanoma. What does the D stand for?
Diffuse growth pattern
Dense lesion
Dark pigment
Pigments DISPERSION syndrome
Retinoblastoma inheritance is usually
X-linked
Autosomal dominant
Autosomal reccessive
Sporadic
What is the most important sign in children for retinoblastoma
Ptosis
Strabismus
High Refractive error
High IOP
What is NOT a ddx for retinoblastoma?
Toxoplasmosis
Tuberosclerosis
Toxocara
Choroidal neavi
What is the most common orbital tumour in childhood
Retinoblastoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Abglomatosis retinae
Choroidal melanoma
What is this image show?
Retinoblastoma
Melanoma of the choroid
Choroidal neavus
Retinal detachement
What does this image show?
Iris melanoma
Iris neavus
CB melanoma
Sentinel vessels
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