Domain Name System (DNS)
What is the primary function of DNS in the OSI model?
Network layer
Application layer
Data link layer
Transport layer
In a DNS zone file, what record type is used to map an IPv4 address to a hostname?
AAAA
PTR
A
CNAME
Which DNS record type is used to specify mail servers for a domain?
SOA
NS
MX
TXT
What is the purpose of a DNS recursive resolver?
To store authoritative DNS records
To answer DNS queries on behalf of clients
To update DNS zone files
To manage DNS root servers
Which DNS record type is used to associate an alias name with a canonical hostname?
PTR
A
CNAME
MX
What happens if a DNS recursive resolver receives a query for which it does not have the answer cached?
It queries the authoritative DNS servers
It returns an error response
It consults its local DNS cache
It forwards the query to the root DNS servers
Which DNS record type provides information about the responsible party for the domain?
MX
NS
SOA
TXT
What is the purpose of DNSSEC (DNS Security Extensions)?
To encrypt DNS queries
To prevent DNS spoofing and tampering
To speed up DNS resolution
To provide redundancy in DNS servers
Which DNS record type is used to map an IPv6 address to a hostname?
AAA
PTR
A
CNAME
What is the purpose of a DNS root server?
To store all DNS records globally
To resolve queries for top-level domains (TLDs)
To manage DNS zone transfers
To cache DNS records locally
Which DNS record type is used to map an IPv4 address to a domain name in reverse DNS lookups?
CNAME
A
PTR
AAAA
What is the purpose of a DNS stub resolver?
To cache DNS records locally
To update DNS zone files
To query authoritative DNS servers directly
To manage DNS root servers
Which DNS record type is used to identify name servers for a domain?
SOA
TXT
MX
NS
What is the typical port number used for DNS queries?
80
443
53
80
How does DNS load balancing work in practice?
By encrypting DNS queries
By distributing queries across multiple DNS servers
By querying the root DNS servers
By caching DNS records locally
Which DNS record type is used to provide additional information about a domain, such as SPF records?
SOA
MX
TXT
NS
In a DNS zone transfer, what is the role of the secondary DNS server?
To update the primary DNS server
To replicate DNS records from the primary server
To manage DNS root servers
To resolve queries for top-level domains (TLDs)
What is the purpose of DNS caching?
To prevent DNS spoofing
To speed up DNS resolution
To encrypt DNS queries
To update DNS zone files
Which organization oversees the allocation of IP addresses and domain names globally?
IEEE
IETF
ICANN
ISC
What does the TTL (Time-to-Live) value indicate in a DNS record?
The maximum number of queries per second
The period during which the DNS record is valid
The size limit for DNS responses
The priority of the DNS record
How does a DNS resolver find the authoritative name servers for a domain?
By querying the root DNS servers
By using UDP instead of TCP for DNS queries
By encrypting DNS queries
By caching DNS records locally
Which DNS record type is used to specify the start of a zone of authority?
MX
SOA
NS
A
What is the primary security concern addressed by DNSSEC?
DNS zone transfers
DNS load balancing
DNS cache poisoning
DNS spoofing
What is the purpose of a DNS forwarder?
To encrypt DNS queries
To manage DNS root servers
To distribute DNS queries across multiple servers
To handle recursive queries for a DNS resolver
Which DNS record type is used to support Sender Policy Framework (SPF) for email authentication?
SOA
MX
NS
TXT
What is the purpose of a DNS root hints file?
To store authoritative DNS records
To resolve queries for top-level domains (TLDs)
To manage DNS zone transfers
To update DNS zone files
Which DNS record type is used to associate a domain name with an IPv6 address?
PTR
A
AAAA
CNAME
What is the purpose of DNS load balancing?
To prevent DNS spoofing
To distribute traffic across multiple servers
To encrypt DNS queries
To manage DNS root servers
Which DNS record type is used to delegate a subdomain to another set of name servers?
SOA
MX
NS
TXT
What is the primary benefit of using a split-horizon DNS configuration?
To encrypt DNS queries
To prevent DNS cache poisoning attacks
To resolve queries for top-level domains (TLDs)
To provide different DNS responses based on the requester's location
Which DNS record type is used to provide information about a domain's mail server priority?
NS
SOA
MX
TXT
What is the role of a DNS resolver in the DNS resolution process?
To manage DNS root servers
To query authoritative DNS servers on behalf of clients
To update DNS zone files
To resolve queries for top-level domains (TLDs)
Which organization manages the root DNS servers globally?
ICANN
IEEE
IANA
IETF
What is the purpose of a DNS resolver's cache?
To store authoritative DNS records
To speed up DNS resolution
To manage DNS root servers
To encrypt DNS queries
Which DNS record type is used to verify domain ownership for services like Google Workspace?
SOA
NS
CNAME
MX
How does DNS load balancing differ from traditional load balancing techniques?
DNS load balancing distributes traffic at the network layer
DNS load balancing uses UDP instead of TCP
DNS load balancing distributes traffic based on DNS responses
DNS load balancing requires specialized hardware appliances
Which DNS record type is used to provide information about a domain's authoritative name servers?
TXT
NS
MX
SOA
What is the purpose of DNS anycast?
To query the root DNS servers
To resolve queries for top-level domains (TLDs)
To distribute DNS queries across multiple servers
To manage DNS zone transfers
Which DNS record type is used to specify the administrator's email address for a domain?
SOA
MX
TXT
NS
What is the primary purpose of the DNS round-robin technique?
To prevent DNS spoofing attacks
To distribute queries evenly across multiple servers
To update DNS zone files
To manage DNS root servers
Which organization sets standards for DNS-related protocols?
IANA
IEEE
ICANN
IETF
What is the role of a secondary DNS server in DNS redundancy?
To handle recursive queries
To update DNS zone files
To replicate DNS records from the primary server
To manage DNS root servers
Which DNS record type is used to support DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) for email authentication?
SOA
NS
MX
TXT
What is the primary advantage of using a DNS proxy server?
To manage DNS root servers
To query authoritative DNS servers directly
To prevent DNS cache poisoning
To distribute DNS queries across multiple servers
Which DNS record type is used to specify the service location for a domain?
TXT
NS
SRV
MX
What is the purpose of a DNS forward lookup?
To prevent DNS cache poisoning
To resolve a hostname to an IP address
To distribute DNS queries across multiple servers
To manage DNS root servers
Which DNS record type is used to provide information about a domain's authoritative name servers?
SOA
MX
NS
TXT
What is the purpose of DNS over HTTPS (DoH)?
To prevent DNS spoofing attacks
To encrypt DNS queries over HTTPS
To manage DNS root servers
To speed up DNS resolution
Which DNS record type is used to verify ownership of a domain for services like Google Analytics?
NS
MX
SOA
CNAME
What is the primary function of a DNS resolver?
To manage DNS root servers
To distribute DNS queries across multiple servers
To query authoritative DNS servers on behalf of clients
To update DNS zone files
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