Dental Research, Dr.Tort Borany(61-120)
61. Which is the right order of four basic sections of a quantitative research report?:
Literature review, results, method, discussion.
Literature review, method, results, discussion.
Discussion, literature review, method, results.
Literature review, discussion, method, results.
Method, results, literature review, discussion.
62. In the results section, the minimum information needed to be presented for each hypothesis or questions is:
Statistical test used.
Statistical test used and the results of the test.
The significance level of the test.
Statistical test used, the results of the test, the significance level of the test, and a written description of the statistical test as support for or rejection of the hypothesis, or connecting the result of the statistical test to the answering of the research question
63. To put ideas together to form a new whole is:
Evaluation
Synthesis
Analysis
Application
64. Which of the following statements are true?:
The larger the sample size, the greater the sampling error
The more categories or breakdowns you want to make in your data analysis, the larger the sample needed
The fewer categories or breakdowns you want to make in your data analysis, the larger
the sample needed
As sample size decreases, so does the size of the confidence interval
65. Your conceptual framework is normally developed?:
Before your literature review
During your literature review
After data collection
After data analysis
66. What should not be included in a research proposal?:
A summary of existing work in the area
The proposed methods to collect data
The results that will be obtained
An acknowledgement of any ethical issues
67. A literature review should include material that is:
Directly related to your research question only
Closely related to your research question only
From the wider sports literature, but not from non-sports literature
From any available discipline if relevant
68. Identifying someone gender is an example of:
Nominal measurement
Ordinal measurement
Interval measurement
Ratio measurement
69. Which of the following is not an advantage of a questionnaire?:
Provides structured data
Allows the respondent to complete in their own time
Allows complex questions
Allows access to a big sample group
70. An interview that allows the respondent to develop stories about their life experiences would be:
An unstructured interview
A semi-structured interview
A structured interview
A narrative interview
71. An advantage of an interview over a questionnaire may be:
It provides more structured data
The time taken is generally shorter for interviews
It is easier to analyze
It allows trust and rapport to be developed
72. When interviewing children, you should try to:
Avoid being seen as an authority figure
Take them out of the classroom if interviewing them at school
Not be overly concerned with ethical issues
None of the above
73. What will normally be the last of the following sections to be written?:
Abstract
Literature review
Results
Conclusion
74. To read the literature critically means:
To suggest the previous research was always poorly conducted.
Skimming through the material because most of it is just padding.
Evaluating what you read in terms of your own research questions.
Being negative about something before you read it.
75. What can a researcher use the literature to achieve?:
They can demonstrate their competence by referring to prominent writings in the field.
They develop their version of the literature in such a way as to show and to lead up to the contribution they will be making in their own project or article.
They can identify a gap or problem in the literature that corresponds to the research questions.
All are corrects.
76. Which of the follow is a benefit of a systematic review?:
It reduces researcher bias and demands the researcher is comprehensive of their approach.
It is really quick to complete.
It is cost effective as an approach.
It provides internal validity to the study.
77. When accessing the internet, which of these steps is the most essential?:
Recording the full URL
Noting the access dates
Downloading material to be referenced
They are all equally important
78. An important practical issue to consider when designing a research project is:
Which theoretical perspective you find most interesting
Whether or not you have time to retile the bathroom first
How much time and money you have to conduct the research
Which color of ring binder to present your work in
79. You can manage your time and resources best, by:
Working out a timetable
Finding out what resources are readily available to you
Calculating a budget for likely expenditure
All are corrects
80. How can you tell if your research questions are really good?:
If they guide your literature search
If they are linked together to help you construct a coherent argument
If they force you to narrow the scope of your research
All are corrects
81. Why is it helpful to keep a research diary or log book while you are conducting your project?:
To give you something to do in the early stages of your research when nothing is happening
Because funding councils general demand to see written evidence, you were working every day during the period of the research
To keep a record of what you did and what happened throughout the research process
It can be added to your dissertation to ensure that you reach the required word limit
82. One of the advantages of self-completion questionnaires over structured interviews is that:
They are quicker and cheaper to administer
They create interviewer effects
They have greater measurement validity
They are less prone to inter-coder variation
83. An open question is one that:
Allows respondents to answer in their own terms
Does not suggest or provide a limited range of responses
Can help to generate answers for closed questions
All are corrects
84. Constraints or problems in a study are known as:
Assumptions
Generalisations
Concepts
Limitations
85. When evaluating the research study results you would consider all of the following as important except:
The author's qualifications and experience
The design and methodology for the study
The significance of the findings for practice
The discussion of results and recommendations for practice
86. In critiquing a qualitative research report you would expect to find information that would assist you in assessing the credibility of the study in the:
Literature review
Discussion of analysis of the data
Methodology
Philosophical integration
87. The statement of purpose in a research study should:
Identify the design of the study
Identify the intent or objective of the study
Specify the type of people to be used in the study
Describe the study
88. According to the text, which of the following orders is the recommended in the flowchart of the development of a research idea? :
Research topic, research problem, research purpose, research question, hypothesis
Research purpose, research problem and hypothesis
Research topic, research purpose, research question,
Research topic, hypothesis, research question
89. Sources of researchable problems can include:
Researchers’ own experiences as educators
Practical issues that require solutions
Theory and past research
All are corrects
90. The feasibility of a research study should be considered in light of:
Cost and time required to conduct the study
Skills required of the researcher
Potential ethical concerns
All of the above
91. A formal statement of the research question or “purpose of research study” generally:
Is made prior to the literature review
Is made after the literature review
Is made after the literature review and will help guide the research process
All of the above
92. The research participants are described in detail in which section of the research plan?:
Introduction
Methodology
Result
Discussion
93. Research hypotheses are:
Formulated prior to a review of the literature
Statements of predicted relationships between variables
Stated such that they can be confirmed or refuted
Statements of predicted relationships between variables and Stated such that they can be confirmed or refuted
94. A research plan:
Should be detailed
Should be given to others for review and comments
Sets out the rationale for a research study
All of the above
95. The Method section of the research plan typically specifies :
The research participants
The apparatus, instruments, and materials for the research study
The planned research procedures
All are corrects
96. What is the right order of levels of abstraction?:
Theory, Concepts, Indicators, Variables, Values
Theory, Concepts, Variables, Indicators, Values
Theory, Indicators, Variables, Values
Concepts, Indicators, Variables, Values
97. All basic types of primary data, distinguished by the way they are collected: .?:
Measurement and Interrogation
Observation and Participation
Measurement, Observation, and Participation
Measurement, Observation, Interrogation, and Participation
98. Levels of measurement are?:
Nominal, Ordinal,
Nominal, Ordinal, Interval
Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio
Nominal, Ordinal, Scale, Ratio
99. When you are asking where people live, you are using?:
Nominal measurement
Ordinal measurement
Interval measurement
Ratio measurement
100. When you are asking about height, you are using?:
Nominal measurement
Ordinal measurement
Interval measurement
Ratio measurement
101. When you are asking about people satisfaction, you are using:
Nominal measurement
Ordinal measurement
Interval measurement
Ratio measurement
102. If you can say that one value is different from another, you have a?:
Nominal measurement
Ordinal measurement
Interval measurement
Ratio measurement
103. If you can say that one value is bigger, better or more of anything than another, you have a?:
Nominal measurement
Ordinal measurement
Interval measurement
Ratio measurement
104. If you can say that one value is so many units more or less than another, you have a:
Nominal measurement
Ordinal measurement
Interval measurement
Ratio measurement
105. If you can say that one value is so many times as big or bright or tall as another, you have a?:
Nominal measurement
Ordinal measurement
Interval measurement
Ratio measurement
106. What are Data collection methods?:
Asking questions, Observing without getting involved
Conducting interviews
Observing without getting involved
Immersing oneself in a situation, Doing experiments, Manipulating models
All of the above
107. A type of question which the respondent can answer quickly and need no special writing skill is?:
Closed format questions
Open format questions
Open response-option questions
Unstructured questions
Semi-structured questions
108. A flexible format, usually based on a question guide but where the format remains the choice of the interviewer, who can allow the interview to ramble on order to get insights into the attitudes of the interviewee.?:
Structured interview
Unstructured interview
Semi-structured interview
109. A method of gathering data through observation rather than asking questions.?:
Observing without getting involved
Conducting interview
Immersing onself in a situation
Doing experiment
110. The last step in the development of a questionnaire is?:
Check the length of the questionnaire
Pre-test the questionnaire
Develop the final survey form
Decide on question content
Develop the question wording
111. The first step in the development of a questionnaire is?:
Decide on question content
Develop the question wording
Decide the information required
Choose the method of reaching your target respndents
112. What is the most effective method to collect Data from Children?:
Giving questionnaire
Personal interview
Telephone interview
Group interview
113. The length of the questionnaire should be at most?:
15 min
15-30 min
30-45 min
45-60 min
114. What are the purposes of pretesting the questionnaire?:
To determine whether the questions as they are worded will achieve the desired results
To determine whether the questions have been placed in the best order
To determine whether the questions are understood by all class of respondent
To determine additional or specifying questions are needed or whether some questions should be eliminated
To determine whether the instructions are adequate.
All of the above
115. Qualitative research?:
Explore the meaning of people experiences and Data is in the form of words
Examine the relationship between variables and Data are numbers
Examine the relationship between variables and Data is in the form of words
Explore the meaning of people experiences and Data are numbers
116. Quantitative research ?:
Explore the meaning of people experiences and Data is in the form of words
Examine the relationship between variables and Data are numbers
Examine the relationship between variables and Data is in the form of words
Explore the meaning of people experiences and Data are numbers
117. Sample is?:
A group of individual units with some commonality.
A small part or quantity intended to show what the whole is like.
A selecting method for analysis.
Information collecting from a group of people
118. Population is?:
A group of individual units with some commonality.
A small part or quantity intended to show what the whole is like.
A selecting method for analysis.
Information collecting from a group of people
119. Sampling is?:
A group of individual units with some commonality.
A small part or quantity intended to show what the whole is like.
A selecting group of something or people for analysis.
Information collecting from a group of people
120. What is the difference between Aim and Objective?:
Aim is what you hope to achieve and objective is the action(s) you will take in order to achieve the aim.
Objective is what you hope to achieve and aim is the action(s) you will take in order to achieve the objective.
Aim is a statement indicating the main goal or purpose of a research project.
Objective is a statement indicating the main goal or purpose of a research project.
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