Oral Pharmacology, Prof. Tuy Thel(1-60)
1. A patient presents complaining of a stomach upset 48 hours after starting a course of antibiotic for oral infection, this is an example of?
Type I allergic reaction
Nervous disorder
Side effect of the drug
Type IV hypersensitivity reaction
Pyloric stenosis
2. A patient who has been taking quantities of aspirin might show increased post operative bleeding because aspirin inhibits**?
Synthesis of thromboxane A2 and prevents platelet aggregation
Synthesis of prostacyclin and prevents platelet aggregation
Synthesis of prostaglandin and prevents production of blood platelets
Thrombin and prevents formation of the fibrin network
Increase the absorption of vitamin K and prevents synthesis of blood clotting factors
3. Tetracycline hydrochloride conditioning of root surface in periodontal surgery is to?
Sterilise the root surface
May enhance binding of fibronectin and fibroblast
Aids in re-mineralising the root surface
Assist the biding of lamina dura
Prevents post operative infections
4. Which of the following is not useful for apical infection?
Chlorhexidine
H2O2
EDTA
Ethyl alcohol
Eugenol
5. The most potent virucidal properties: “another format of the same answer: Indicate which of the following has virucidal properties”?
Sodium hypochlorite
Chlorhexidine
Glutaraldehyde
Alcohol 70%
Quaternary ammonium
6. Endogenous morphine like substance which can control pain is known as**?
Bradykinins
Peptides
Prostaglandins
Serotonins
Enkephalins
7. Platelets play an important role in haemostasis; which of the following describes this role?
They convert fibrinogen to fibrin
They agglutinate and plug small, ruptured vessels
They initiate fibrinolysis in thrombosis
They supply fibrin stabilizing factors
They supply proconvertin for thromboplastin activation
8. Trichloroacetic acid, a strong acid, has been used by dentists for chemical cautery of hypertrophic tissue and aphthous ulcers; its mechanism of action is?
Thermodynamic action
Activation of tissue enzymes
Osmotic pressure
Protein precipitation PPT
Neutralization
9. Which of the following adverse reaction of oral contraceptives is the most common and the most serious?
Hypotension
Hepatotoxicity
Uterine neoplasia
Thromboembolism disorder
Decreased resistance to infection
10. A patient who has been taking quantities of aspirin might show increased post operative bleeding because aspirin inhibits:**?
Synthesis of thromboxane A2 and prevents platelet aggregation
Synthesis of prostacyclin and prevents platelet aggregation
Synthesis of prostaglandin and prevents production of blood platelets
Thrombin and prevents formation of the fibrin network
Increase the absorption of vitamin K and prevents synthesis of blood clotting factors
11. Signs and symptoms that commonly suggest cardiac failure in a patient being assessed for oral surgery are,?
Elevated temperature and nausea
Palpitations and malaise
Ankle oedema and dyspnea
Erythema and pain
Pallor and tremor
12. A 65 years-old woman arrived for dental therapy. The answered questionnaire shows that she is suffering from severe cirrhosis. The problem that can be anticipated in the routine dental therapy is:?
Extreme susceptibility to pain
Tendency towards prolonged haemorrhage
Recurring oral infection
Increased tendency to syncope
Difficulty in achieving adequate local anaesthesia
13. The treatment of Localised Juvenile Periodontitis is frequently supplemented with tetracycline because flora involved is predominant?
Aerobic
Strictly anaerobic
Facultative or microaerophilic
Resistant to other antibiotic
14. Tetracycline hydrochloride conditioning of root surface in periodontal surgery is to?
Sterilise the root surface
May enhance binding of fibronectin and fibroblast
Aids in re-mineralising the root surface
Assist the biding of lamina dura
Prevents post operative infections
15. Of all the factors that increase the resistance of teeth to dental caries THE MOST EFFECTIVE is?
The general nutrition of a child during the period of tooth formation
The intake of fluoride during the period of enamel mineralization and maturation
Periodic topical fluoride application by dental health care following tooth eruption
Sufficient intake of calcium and Vitamin D during the period of enamel mineralization and maturation
16. When the enamel of the tooth is exposed to preparation containing high concentrations of fluoride; the major reaction is?
Sodium fluoride
Calcium fluoride
S tannous fluoride
Fluorapatite
17. Several approaches have been suggested to increase the fixation of professionally applied topical fluoride, which of the following statements IS INCORRECT regarding increasing the fixation?
Increase concentration of fluoride in solutions
Raise the PH of the fluoride solution
Increase the exposure time to topical fluoride
Pre-treat the enamel with 0.5% phosphoric acid
Use NH4F rather than NaF at a lower PH
18. Toxicity as a result of anaesthetic solution can be seen more when?
Injection in supine position
Injection into vascular area
Injection without vasoconstrictors
Intravenous injection
19. Which antibiotic administered in childhood may result in tooth discolouration?
Penicillin
Tetracycline
Streptomycin
Amoxilline
Metronidazole
20. An adult patient with a history of bacterial endocarditis requires prophylactic administration of antibiotic prior to removal of teeth. Indicate the pre-operative regimen**?
Amoxicillin 2 gram an hour before operation orally
Penicillin 250 mg orally six hours before operation
Tetracycline 250-500 mg orally 2 hours before treatment
NSAID 400mg orally 1 hours before treatment
21. Q24/ Which one of the following is at risk of local anaesthetic injections ?
Aspirate before injection
Inject rapidly
Use the smallest effective volume
Use the weakest efficient percentage strength
22. At what rate is closed chest cardiac compression should be in an adult**?
12 times a minute
24 times a minute
50 times a minute
80 times a minute
23. A young patient presented with rheumatic fever and suspected allergy to penicillin. The antibiotic of choice is?
Chloromycetin
Sulphonamide
Buffered penicillin
Erythromycin
Chloramphenicol
24. Disorder of steroid will result in?
Adrenal suppression
Delayed healing
Osteoporosis
All are corrects
25. Patient with morphine coma; what is the medication of choice to reverse its act?
Bradykinin
Epinephrine
Amphetamine
Naloxone
26. The MOST common staphylococcal infections is?
A localised purulent infection of the skin
Diffuse purulent infection of the skin
Staphylococcal osteomyelitis
Impetigo
27. The antibiotic of choice for infections of pulpal origin is?
penicillin V
lincomycin
erythromycin
tetracycline
28. Increased bleeding is associated with a prolonged administration of? 1.Warfarin (Coumadin). 2.codeine. 3.acetylsalicylic cacid. 4.acetaminophen.
(1) (2) (3)
(1) and (3)
(2) and (4)
(4) only
All of the above.
29. Adrenal corticosteroids? 1.cause diabetes. 2.cause retention of sodium and fluid. 3.heighten the immune response. 4.decrease the immune response.
(1) (2) (3)
(1) and (3)
(2) and (4)
(4) only
All of the above.
30. The most common complication of a venipuncture is?
syncope.
hematoma.
thrombophlebitis.
embolus.
31. Which of the following statements are correct? 1.Narcotic and non-narcotic analgesics are equipotent. 2.Non-narcotic analgesics do not alter consciousness. 3.Non-narcotic analgesics are safer and less toxic. 4.Non-narcotic analgesics produce less side effects.
(1) (2) (3)
(2) (3) (4)
(3) and (4)
All of the above.
32. A major clinical problem of penicillintherapy is its?
high toxicity.
allergenicity.
rapid development of tolerance.
narrow spectrum of activity.
induction of nephritis.
33. If a patient is allergic to penicillin, the alternative antibiotic would be ?
ampicillin.
aureomycin.
erythromycin.
declomycin.
streptomycin.
34. The local anesthetic lidocaine is an?
amide.
ester.
aldehyde
acid.
35. Which of the following does NOT influence the rate of induction during inhalation anesthesia?
Pulmonary ventilation.
Blood supply to the lungs.
Hemoglobin content of the blood.
Concentration of the anesthetic in the inspired mixture.
Solubility of the anesthetic in blood.
36. Most anaphylactic reactions to penicillin occur? 1. When the drug is administered parenterally. 2. In patients who have already experienced an allergic reaction to the drug. 3. Within minutes after drug administration. 4. When the drug is administered orally. 5. In patients with a negative skin test to penicillin allergy.
(1) (2) (3)
(2) (3) (4)
(3) and (4)
All of the above.
37. Corticosteroids may be used for the management of?
allergy.
arthritis.
asthma.
Addison's disease.
All are corrects.
38. When used ALONE, which of the following agents will not produce satisfactory anesthesia?
Chloroform.
Cyclopropane.
Nitrous oxide.
Fluothane.
39. Which of the following would you prescribe for an anxious dental patient with a peptic ulcer?
Reserpine.
Scopolamine.
Silica gel.
Diazepam.
Calcium carbonate.
40. Tetracycline will cause crowndiscolouration when prescribed at the age of? 1. 6 months in utero. 2. 2 years. 3. 7 years. 4. 14 years.
(1) (2) (3)
(2) (3) (4)
(3) and (4)
All are corrects.
41. Which of the following complications might occur after administration of a local anesthetic agent? 1. Convulsions. 2. Nausea. 3. Respirator y depression. 4. Cardiovascular collapse
(1) (2) (3)
(1) and (3)
(2) and (4 )
(4) only
All are corrects.
42. Unconsciousness in syncope results from?
electrolyte imbalance.
neurogenic shock.
cerebral hyperemia.
cerebral hypoxia.
43. The most effective drug for relief of angina pectoris is?
morphine.
digitalis.
quinidine.
nitroglycerine.
pentobarbital sodium.
44. The appearance of a rash, itching, broncho-constriction and fever after the administration of a drug are the result of?
allergy.
tolerance.
idiosyncrasy.
teratogenicity.
45. Diazepam (valium)? 1. Is a benzodiazepine 2. Is contraindicated in a patient with glaucoma. 3. Is anxiolytic. 4. Produces muscle relaxation when given orally.
(1) (2) (3)
(1) and (3)
(2) and (4 )
4) only
All arecorrects.
46. Which of the following statements is/are true regarding diazepam? 1. Its long duration of action is partly due to active metabolites. 2. It does not produce antianxiety effects after intramuscular administration. 3. Intravenous administration is more reliable than oral. 4. Its sedative effect can be reversed by naloxone.
(1) (2) (3)
(1) and (3)
(2) and (4 )
(4) only
All of the above.
47. For a patient with cardiovascular disease,local anesthesia?
affects blood pressure more than general anesthesia.
affects blood pressure less than general anesthesia.
is responsible for bacteremia.
None of the above.
48. The inorganic ion that is implicated in primary hypertension is?
sodium.
fluoride.
potassium.
magnesium.
49. Which of the following is the most important factor in the preoperative evaluation of a patient?
Medical history.
Laboratory data.
Electrocardiogram.
Pulse and blood p ressure.
50. In a standard dental cartridge (carpule) containing 1.8ml 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1/100,000, the amount of vasoconstrictor is?
18.0 mg.
0.018 mg.
1.8 mg.
0.18 mg.
180.0 mg.
51. The mode of action of the sulfonamidesupon susceptible bacteria is by?
inhibiting the biosynthesis of paminobenzoic acid.
competing for nutrients in the tissue environment of the microorganisms.
interfering with the synthesis of cell wall protein.
interfering with the synthesis of folic acid.
52. An immediate toxic reaction to a local anesthetic administration is?
deterioration of the anesthetic agent.
hypersensitivity to the vasoconstrictor.
hypersensitivity to the anesthetic agent.
excessive blood level of the anesthetic agent.
53. The use of aspirating syringes for the administration of local anesthetics is recommended because? 1. The effectiveness of local anesthesia is increased. 2. Aspiration of blood is proof that the needle is in an intravascular location. 3. Their use removes the hazard of rapid injection and provides a distinct saving of time. 4. Their use reduces the frequency of accidental intravenous injection.
(1) (2) (3)
(1) and (3)
(2) and (4 )
(4) only
All of the above
54. In a standard inferior alveolar nerve block, which muscle is penetrated by the needle?
Buccinator.
Mylohyoid.
Superior constrictor.
Masseter.
Medial (internal) pterygoid.
55. Lidocaine (Xylocaine)? 1. Is a local anesthetic agent. 2. Has topical anesthetic properties. 3. Is an antiarrhythmic agent. 4. Has anticonvulsant properties.
(1) (2) (3)
(1) and (3)
(2) and (4 )
(4) only
All are corrects
56. Which of the following nerves should be anesthetized for extraction of a maxillary lateral incisor? 1. Nasociliary. 2. Nasopalatine. 3. Sphenopalatine. 4. Anterior superior alveolar.
(1) (2) (3)
(1) and (3)
(2) and (4 )
(4) only
All of the above
57. With respect to local anaesthetics, which of the following statements is care correct?
Certain nerve fibers are more susceptible.
In mixed nerves, sensory fibers are more susceptible.
Anaesthetics are marketed as water-soluble acid salts.
They are capable of blocking every type of nerve tissue.
All are corrects.
58. Q63/ Which of the following anesthetic agents are hydrolized by plasma cholinesterase? 1. Prilocaine (citanest). 2. Lidocaine (xylocaine). 3. Mepivicaine (carbocaine). 4. Procaine.
(1) (2) (3)
(1) and (3)
(2) and (4 )
(4) only
All of the above
59. A patient develops an acute anaphylactic reaction in your office. One drug that you would use is epinephrine because it?
relaxes bronchial muscles.
stimulates heart muscle and increases heart rate.
increases systolic blood pressure.
produces vasoconstriction in many vascular beds.
All are corrects.
60. In an infection caused by non-penicillinase producing staphylococcus, the drug of choice is?
penicillin V.
cephalexin.
tetracycline.
vancomycin.
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