RBC , WBC , LUNG

Glanzmann thrombasthenia is a deficiency of?

Hemolysis and Vaso-occlusive crisis are common in this form of anemia caused by mutation of glutamic acid to valine at amino acid 6 of beta chain.

Which of the following laboratory findings will you expect in patients with hemophilia A?

A 10-year-old black girl is brought to the emergency room. She complains of severe pain in her chest, abdomen, and bones. Physical examination reveals jaundice and anemia. Her parents state that she has been anemic since birth. A CBC shows normocytic anemia with marked poikilocytosis. A peripheral blood smear is shown in the image. Hemoglobin electrophoresis demonstrates hemoglobin S. This child’s chest and bone pain is most likely caused by which of the following mechanisms?

The following statements are appropriate in relation to platelet disorders

13-Thalassemia

The laboratory findings observed in hereditary spherocytosis is

A 21-year-old college student presents with complaints of heavy menstrual bleeding throughout her life, frequent epistaxis, and an odd rash on her lower extremities after taking aspirin. Upon chart review, you note in the family history that the patient’s mother required blood transfusions with her pregnancy. CBC shows prolonged bleeding time and prolonged PPT, Which do you suspect?

The hematological disorder benefited by splenectomy I

A 26-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician complaining of 1 year of heavy menses. On physical examination there are several red pinpoint macules on the buccal mucosa and there are ecchymoses on the extremities. Platelet count is 18,000/μL. CBC shows isolated thrombocytopenia, increased number of egakaryocytes, PT/INR, PTT, fibrinogen are all normal. Bleeding time is prolonged. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 4-year-old male is evaluated for frequent epistaxis and mucous membrane bleeding. Physical examination shows diffuse petechiae on the patient’s distal extremities. Peripheral blood smear shows an absence of platelet clumping. An ELISA binding assay reveals that platelet surfaces are deficient in GIIb/IIIa receptors. Serum platelet count is normal. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following appear in the red cells of syndrome/asplenic individuals?

What does it mean if you have schistocytes in the peripheral blood?

A 40-year-old female is referred to medical assessment unit by her physician for querying thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) after she presented with a temperature of 38.9ºC. Her subsequent urea and electrolytes showed deteriorating renal function with a creatinine 3 times greater than her baseline. What is the underlying pathophysiology of TTP?

A patient with severe anemia has a peripheral blood smear with oval macrocytes, hypersegmented neutrophils, and decreased platelets. The most likely cause of the anemia is

Is the likely diagnosis in a 50-year-old male who presents with worsening back pain and persistent tiredness. Bone imaging show lytic bone lesions and serum electrophoresis reveals an intense gammaglobulin band.

A 39-year-old woman who presented with increasing fatigue and muscle weakness is found have a microcytic and hypochromic anemia. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her anemia?

A 36-year-old woman presents with muscle pain, fever, and chronic sinusitis. Physical examination finds mucosal ulcerations of the nasopharynx and signs of renal disease. A biopsy from her nasopharynx reveals a necrotizing vasculitis with chronic inflammatory cells and giant cells surrounding localized necrotic areas. The presence of which of the types of autoantibodies listed below would be most consistent with a diagnosis of Wegener granulomatosis?

Which is not true regarding Bernard Soulier syndrome?

Which of the following autoantibodies is most likely to be present in a patient with pernicious anemia?

A 7-year-old African-American boy is brought to see his pediatrician. His father says he has noticed that the boy has been complaining of right knee pain for the past week. On physical exam, multiple ecchymoses are noted on both upper and lower extremities. His father claims that the boy has always bruised easily, and he has recently learned how to ride a bicycle. Which of the following elements of the coagulation cascade is most likely to be missing in this child?

A 72-year-old man who has recently had an aortic valve replacement now presents with pallor and fatigue. The red blood cell count is decreased, and schistocytes are reported on examination of a peripheral blood smear. In addition, his indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin is significantly elevated. The cause of the anemia is likely

A 31-year-old male complains of such difficulty in chewing that he no longer buys gum. He also describes diplopia when reading or watching television for long periods. He has no extremity weakness. He has no other medical problems and takes no medication. He does not use tobacco, alcohol or illicit drugs. This patient's condition is most likely associated with which of the following neoplastic processes?

An 18-year-old man complains of shortness of breath. Radiograph demonstrates a large mediastinal mass. Biopsy of the mass shows a mixed inflammatory infiltrate with occasional larger cells having two nuclear lobes and prominent eosinophilic nucleoli. What is the diagnosis?

A 45 year old woman presents with recurrent infections and on PE was found to have marked splenomegaly. Her leukocyte count is increased to 300,000. The differential count reveals the presence of myeloblasts and promyelocytes, with predominance of myelocytes, metamyelocytes, bands and segmented neutrophils. Basophils are also increased in number. The patient is not anemic. Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase is decreased. Which of the following describes a major characteristic of this disorder?

A bone marrow aspirate was obtained from a 70-year-old man whose symptoms included weakness, weight loss, and recurrent infection. Laboratory finding included proteinuria, anemia, and an abnormal component in serum proteins. A photomicrograph of the bone marrow aspirate is shown below. The most probable diagnosis is

Cold agglutinin disease is a form of autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by cold-reacting autoantibodies. Autoantibodies bind to the erythrocyte membrane leading to premature erythrocyte destruction. Which antibody is commonly involved?

Chromosome translocations are important in diagnosing and prognosticating certain types of cancers. Which of the following may be seen in Burkitt's lymphoma?

A 70-year-old man presents with severe bone pain and frequent respiratory infections. Serum protein electrophoresis demonstrates an M protein spike in the gamma region. Radiographs of the skull, long bones, and spine demonstrate multiple “punchedout” lesions, and bone marrow aspiration demonstrates large numbers of neoplastic plasma cells. Which of the following statements is true of this disorder?

Hyperviscosity syndrome often is seen in

Over-expression of BCL-2 proteins occurs in

A patient with the condition shown in the image (PIC 5) would most likely have which of the following?

A child presented with a maxillary mass (PIC 8) which on further investigation showed the presence of “starry sky appearance” in the biopsy. The likely diagnosis of this condition is

Smudge cells" (PIC 7) in the peripheral smear are characteristics of:

Identify the cell with arrow head (PIC 1) :

The morphological type of leukemia which may show Auer rods is

Is a disorder in which the Philadelphia chromosome abnormality is defected within affected cells

A 43-year-old with a history of Hodgkin lymphoma presents with increasing shortness of breath. A chest x-ray reveals a right-sided pleural effusion. The pleural fluid is tapped, and laboratory examination reveals a milky white pleural fluid that is composed of finely emulsified fats. Which one of the listed terms BEST describes this pleural fluid?

This refers to the ratio of thickness of the mucous gland layer in the airways to that of the wall between the epithelial lining and the cartilage. It is utilized to assess chronic bronchitis:

Pneumoconiosis refers to nonneoplastic lung reaction to inhalation of mineral dusts encountered in the work place. Which pneumoconiosis is characterized by discrete pale to blackened nodules in the upper zones of the lungs. Radiographically it presents as eggshell calcifications. This disease may be progressive even if patient is no longer exposed and it has also been associated with increased susceptibility to PTB

A 65-year-old man comes to the office due to worsening exertional dyspnea over the past 3 months. Temperature is 36.7 C (98.1 F), pulse is 76/min, and respirations are 18/min. On physical examination, breath sounds are diffusely decreased. Chest radiography reveals flattened hemidiaphragms, increased radiolucency of the lungs, and a long, narrow heart shadow. This patient's pulmonary function testing will most likely show which of the following patterns of findings?

A 42 yo woman comes to the office due to several months of episodic shortness of breath and cough. The patient has a history of migraines and occasionally takes acetaminophen. She is a school teacher and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs. Her temperature is 36.1 C( 97 F), blood pressure is 110/80 and pulse is 84/min. Pulse ox show 96 % on room air. Lung examination and chest x-ray are normal. Spirometry shows FEV1 is 71% of the predicted value. Sputum analysis shows predominant eosinophils. This patient's symptoms are most likely related to exposure to which of the following?

50 year old male chronic smoker presents with chronic cough dyspnea and sputum production. He also has bouts of easy fatigability. Patient also presents with increased anteroposterior diameter of the chest wall. Patient most likely has this type of emphysema

A 72-year-old man who works for a mine in Libby,Montana, has a clinical history of pulmonary function tests that show a decreased FEV1 and FVC, with a normal FEV1/FVC ratio. He dies and an autopsy is performed. The autopsy reveals a tumor in the right pleural cavity, which completely encases the lung. He also has tan-white pleural plaques in the right pleural cavity. Upon histologic examination of the lung, prominent alveolar septal fibrosis with honeycomb change is identified. This patient was most likely exposed to which of the following agents?

Which of the following types of vasculitis is highly associated with cANCA or the antibodies against proteinase-3?

A 25-year-old black woman presents with a 3-month history of cough and shortness of breath on exertion. A chest X-ray reveals enlargement of hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes. Laboratory studies show elevated serum levels of angiotensinconverting enzyme and an increase in 24-hour urine calcium excretion. An open-lung biopsy is shown in the image. Stains for microorganisms in the tissue are negative. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

66-year old female, nonsmoker, presented with chronic cough, weight loss, occasional chest pain and dyspnea. Chest x-ray revealed a single nodular density at the periphery of R middle lobe along with pleural effusion, blunting the R costodiaphragmatic recess. The most likely diagnosis is

The histologic hallmark of chronic bronchitis:

A 72-year-old man who works for a mine in Libby, Montana, has a clinical history of pulmonary function tests that show a decreased FEV1 and FVC, with a normal FEV1/FVC ratio. He dies and an autopsy is performed. The autopsy reveals a tumor in the right pleural cavity, which completely encases the lung. He also has tan-white pleural plaques in the right pleural cavity. Upon histologic examination of the lung, prominent alveolar septal fibrosis with honeycomb change is identified. This patient was most likely exposed to which of the following agents?

What stage of inflammatory response of the lung is described when the lung is heavy, boggy, and red?

The most fibrogenic dust in pneumoconiosis is..?